“…12 This holds true for all primary tracheal tumors, as well. Although there are some reports on IMTs being managed with therapeutic bronchoscopy alone, 2,14,26,41,53,54 we found at least 5 instances in which bronchoscopy had to be followed up with surgery for either complete removal or recurrence (Tables 1, 2). 31,36,44,47 Thus, therapeutic bronchoscopy has a limited role in management of these tumors.…”