Application of LC‐NMR to analysis of carotenoids in foods

Tode, Chisato; Maoka, Takashi; Sugiura, Makiko

doi:10.1002/jssc.200900289

Cited by 27 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Further, NMR provides information about conformational geometry for structural elucidation. LC-NMR is established as a method of analyzing major carotenoids and metabolites in food and biological samples [62]. The NMR studies on carotenoids metabolites are scanty due to quantitative limitations.…”

Section: Analysis Of Carotenoids and Their Isomers Cleavage Productsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biofunctionality of Carotenoid Metabolites: An Insight into Qualitative and Quantitative Analysis

Arathi¹,

Raghavendra-RaoSowmya²,

Vijay³

et al. 2016

Metabolomics - Fundamentals and Applications

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Epidemiological and clinical studies have shown that dietary intake of carotenoid-rich fruits and vegetables is positively correlated with reduction in age-related eye diseases, atherosclerosis, certain cancers and chronic diseases. Carotenoids consist of unique chemical characteristics and are highly vulnerable to structural modiications, leading to the formation of various derivatives under physiological conditions. The identiication of these molecules is necessary before addressing their biological functions. Carotenoid metabolomics is believed to be highly complex to ingerprint due to instability and interference with complex biological matrices. Noteworthy, progress has been made in understanding carotenoid metabolism or its biotransformation in biological samples. In this regard, the chapter highlights the concept of metabolomics and their related bio-analytical techniques pertaining to the detection of carotenoids and their derived products to elucidate their bio-transformation on targeted biological functions. Further, this chapter highlights the various hyphenated analytical tools and their optimization. Keywords: metabolomics, hyphenated technique, bio-functionality, metabolites . IntroductionConsiderable research has made in understanding the potential role of carotenoids in plants and animals. Carotenoids are tetra-terpenoids, a group of natural compounds, found © 2016 The Author(s). Licensee InTech. This chapter is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.© 2016 The Author(s). Licensee InTech. This chapter is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.predominantly in photosynthesizing organisms such as green plants, algae and some bacteria [ ]. There are over carotenoids identiied in nature among them, major carotenoids like -carotene, -carotene, lycopene, lutein, zeaxanthin, astaxanthin, fucoxanthin and -cryptoxanthin are well explored. In plants, carotenoids and their derivatives (apo-carotenoids) are believed to involve in photosynthesis, photo-protection, the precursor for hormones and production of aroma and lavor [ ]. The diversity of carotenoids in nature is formed from the common biosynthetic pathway. The exploration of each distinctive carotenoid pigment from various dietary sources or non-dietary sources is the milestone in carotenoids biochemistry and metabolism. In animals and human, dietary ingestion is the only source of carotenoids obtained from plants (vegetables and fruits) or animals (meat, ish and poultry products) or other nutraceuticals sources. They are categorized based on biological functions as provitamin A or non-provitamin A carotenoids. Further, they classiied as carotenes...

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Section: Analysis Of Carotenoids and Their Isomers Cleavage Productsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biofunctionality of Carotenoid Metabolites: An Insight into Qualitative and Quantitative Analysis

Arathi¹,

Raghavendra-RaoSowmya²,

Vijay³

et al. 2016

Metabolomics - Fundamentals and Applications

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Further, NMR provides information about conformational geometry for structural elucidation. LC-NMR is established as a method of analyzing major carotenoids and metabolites in food and biological samples (Tode, Maoka, & Sugiura, 2009). Dachtler, Glaser, Kohler, and Abert (2001) employed on-line HPLC-NMR coupling for the unambiguous structural elucidation of lutein and zeaxanthin isomers at low-nano moles range.…”

Section: Metabolism Of Oxygenated Carotenoidsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metabolomics of carotenoids: The challenges and prospects – A review

Arathi

Sowmya

Vijay

et al. 2015

Trends in Food Science & Technology

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Considerable progress in carotenoids research has been made to understand the carotenoid metabolism in animals including human. Epidemiological and clinical studies have correlated with dietary intake of carotenoids on reduction of vitamin A deficiency, age-related macular degeneration, cancer and cardiovascular diseases. Recent findings demonstrate the existence of carotenoid metabolites in vivo and their efficacy have made greater insight on prospecting carotenoid metabolites. Owing to their biological activity, exploration of analytical methods for the characterization of carotenoid metabolites is considered to be important before addressing the stability and bioactivity. Although few studies are available on carotenoid metabolites, their structural characterization in biological samples require a substantial refining of analytical protocols like isolation, purification, prerequisite of equipment parameters and robustness in hyphenated techniques.Recently, researchers have focused on biotransformation of carotenoids and made an attempt to screen their metabolites by high-throughput analytical strategies. However, till date there is no detailed analytical techniques available to fingerprint carotenoid metabolites, due to interference with complex biological matrices. This review highlights the carotenoid metabolism, possible bioconversion and available bio-analytical techniques to characterize metabolites in vivo. Further, advancement in sensitivity, mode of ionization and fragmentation patterns of metabolites were also discussed. The identification of carotenoid metabolites in system specific will have further insight in the emerging field of nutritional metabolomics.

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“…Several methods have been employed to determine the CARs in tomato including HPLC coupled to a diode‐array detector (DAD) or MS detector , UHPLC , LC–NMR , CEC , FT‐Raman, ATR‐IR, and NIR spectroscopy . Most of the applied methods based on HPLC, use mainly RP columns with C 18 or C 30 , with preference to the latter column type, due to the better separation and high resolution of geometric isomers of the less polar carotenes, mainly LYC and β‐carotene (β‐CAR).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimization and development of a high‐performance liquid chromatography method for the simultaneous determination of vitamin E and carotenoids in tomato fruits

Irakli¹,

Chatzopoulou²,

Kadoglidou³

et al. 2016

J of Separation Science

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A simple and reliable high-performance liquid chromatography method was developed and validated for the simultaneous determination of lipophilic antioxidants in tomato fruits using C30 column operated at 15°C and a gradient mobile phase based on acetonitrile/methanol/dichloromethane in a total run time of 30 min. Diode array and fluorescence detectors were used respectively for the detection of carotenoids (lutein, zeaxanthin, cryptoxanthin, lycopene, and β-carotene) and vitamin E analogs (α-, β-, γ-, and δ-tocopherols, and tocotrienols). The best extraction yield of analytes in tomato fruits was achieved by employing ethyl acetate/hexane (1:1, v/v) after several treatments with various solvents. In addition, low extraction yields were obtained for carotenoids compared to tocopherols by adopting solid-phase extraction as a second clean-up step. The method was validated on the basis of recovery, precision, linearity, and limit of detection and quantification using spiked tomato samples. The method was applied to cherry and medium-sized tomato fruits. Lycopene was found to be present in largest amount in tomato pulp, followed by β-carotene and lutein. Due to its simplicity, rapidity, and efficiency, the method is suitable for routine analysis of lipophilic antioxidants in tomato fruits, and may also be applied to other vegetables of similar phytochemical profiles.

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Application of LC‐NMR to analysis of carotenoids in foods

Cited by 27 publications

References 12 publications

Biofunctionality of Carotenoid Metabolites: An Insight into Qualitative and Quantitative Analysis

Biofunctionality of Carotenoid Metabolites: An Insight into Qualitative and Quantitative Analysis

Metabolomics of carotenoids: The challenges and prospects – A review

Optimization and development of a high‐performance liquid chromatography method for the simultaneous determination of vitamin E and carotenoids in tomato fruits

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