Application of Lithium-Drifted Germanium Solid-State Detectors to the Determination of Hafnium in Zirconium Oxide by Activation Analysis

Application of Lithium-Drifted Germanium Gamma-Ray Detectors to Neutron Activation Analysis. Nondestructive Analysis of a Sulfide Ore.

“…where the subscripts t and b refer to total and background counts in the region of the photopeak, and Np = Nt -Nt. If it is required that the photopeak intensity be known within some specific error limit, then = KNP (2) Sample weight: i62.9 mg. Irradiation time: The number of counts in the photopeak necessary to give rise to this limit of error for a given background, Nb, is…”

Activation analysis with thermal and fission neutrons

“…The groups of Girardi (13), Schroeder (14), and Hollander (15) were among the first to try the lithium drifted germanium detector for activation work in 1965. In addition, the introduction of computerized programs for the handling of data has aided in efficiency, particularly for routine analysis.…”

Nonferrous metallurgy. II. Zirconium, hafnium, vanadium, niobium, tantalum, chromium, molybdenum, and tungsten

“…A neutron activation study by Girardi, Guzzi, and Pauly (166) included hafnium. Hafnium was determined in zirconium by means of neutron activation by Mignonsin and Albert (333), Girardi, Guzzi, and Pauly (166) and Grothe and Reinhardt (178).…”