Application of macrocyclic compounds in chemical analysis

Kolthoff, I. M.

doi:10.1021/ac50041a001

Cited by 254 publications

(63 citation statements)

References 176 publications

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“…It can be found that the fixed-EQCM de tec tion sys tem ex hibited fairly low de tec tion lim its of 0.10-0. 13 16. Time and ion con cen tra tion ef fects on the frequency shifts of Ag + ions with the EQCM detec tion sys tem at an ap plied po ten tial of 0.3 V. the tra di tional QCM de tec tion sys tem.…”

Section: De Tec Tion Limit For Qcm For Ionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This se lec tiv ity or der was sim i lar to the se quence of the dis so ci a tion con stants (pKa) of these carboxylic ac ids. 24 This re sult may be at trib uted to the complexation 16 be tween the crown ether mol e cule and the dis so ci ated prod uct, H + ion of for mic acid and for ma tion of ion pair RCCO -H + -B15C5COC 17 H 35 (ad sor bent), which re sults in the fre quency shift of the quartz crys tal.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Piezoelectric Crystal Liquid Flow Detection Systems Based on Alkyl (C18)-Benzo-15-Crown 5 for Organic Compounds and Metal Ions

Sung

Shih

2005

Jnl Chinese Chemical Soc

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A wa ter in sol u ble long-chain crown ether alkyl (C18)-benzo-15-crown-5 was syn the sized and ap plied as a coat ing ma te rial on quartz crys tal mem branes of a liq uid flow pi ezo elec tric crys tal sen sor. The os cil lat ing crown ether-coated pi ezo elec tric (PZ) crys tal with a home-made com puter in ter face was pre pared as a liq uid chro mato graphic (LC) de tec tor for or ganic spe cies and metal ions in aque ous so lu tions. The os cil lat ing frequency of the quartz crys tal de creased due to the ad sorp tion of or ganic mol e cules or metal i ons on crown ether mol e cules. Ef fects of func tional group, mo lar mass, steric hin drance, and po lar ity of or ganic mol e cules on frequency re sponses of the crown ether coated PZ crys tal de tec tor were in ves ti gated. The fre quency re sponses of the crown ether coated PZ crys tal de tec tor for var i ous mol e cules were in the or der: amines > carboxylic ac ids > al co hols > ke tones. The crown ether PZ de tec tor also ex hib ited good sen si tiv ity for some heavy metal ions and the fre quency shifts were in the or der: Cr 3+ >> PbThe crown ether coated pi ezo elec tric crys tal LC de tec tor dem on strated low de tec tion lim its for var i ous po lar or ganic mol e cules, e.g., 6.0 × 10 -5 M for propylamine, and metal ions, e.g., 2.9 × 10 -5 M (1.8 ppm) for Cu 2+; the crown ether PZ de tec tor also gave good reproducibility when re used. A quite sen si tive elec tro chem i cal quartz crys tal microbalance (EQCM) de tec tion sys tem was also set-up for de tect ing trace heavy metal ions in so lu tions. The vari a tion in fre quency of the PZ crys tal and the dif fu sion cur rent were ob served si mul ta neously af ter the re duc tion in heavy metal ions such as Cu 2+ and Ni 2+ . The EQCM de tec tion sys tem ex hib ited fairly good sen si tiv ity, e.g., 112 Hz/ppm for Cu 2+ and a good de tec tion limit, e.g., 0.13 ppm for Cu 2+ ions. Com par i son be tween EQCM and PZ de tec tion sys tems was made and dis cussed.Key words: Crown ethers; Pi ezo elec tric liq uid chro mato graphic de tec tor; Or ganic mol e cules; Heavy metal ions; Elec tro chem i cal quartz crys tal microbalance. IN TRO DUC TIONPi ezo elec tric crys tals, e.g., quartz, BaTiO3, PZT (PbZrTiOx) and PLZT (PbLaZrOy), are well known to be sen si tive to pres sure on their sur face and have found widespread ap pli ca tions in com put ers, elec tronic equip ment, micro bal ances and com mu ni ca tion equip ment. The vi brational fre quency of an os cil lat ing pi ezo elec tric crys tal is decreased upon ad sorp tion of a for eign sub stance onto its surface. 1 The vari a tion in vi bra tional fre quency (∆F) re lated to the mass (Ms in g) of coat ing ma te ri als de pos ited on the crystal sur face of area A in cm2 and ba sic fre quency (Fo) of the pi ezo elec tric crys tal can be cal cu lated from Sauerbrey's equa tion [1]: ∆F = -2.3 × 10 6 × F o × (Ms/A). The the o ret i cal de tec tion limit of a 10 MHz os cil lat ing quartz crys tal can be es ti mated to be as small as 10 -12 g for...

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Section: De Tec Tion Limit For Qcm For Ionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Piezoelectric Crystal Liquid Flow Detection Systems Based on Alkyl (C18)-Benzo-15-Crown 5 for Organic Compounds and Metal Ions

Sung

Shih

2005

Jnl Chinese Chemical Soc

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“…These reviews cover topics as widely varied as synthesis [13], complexation chemistry [14], extraction [15] and transport behavior [5,16,17], analytical applications [18,19] and complexation with neutral guest molecules [20]. Only in a very limited number of these compilations [2,5,7,18,19] are proton-ionizable crown ethers identified as an important class of macrocyclic polyethers.…”

Section: T Osa and 1 L Atwood (Eds) Inclusion Aspects Of Membranmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ion Extraction and Transport by Proton-Ionizable Crown Ethers

Brown¹,

Bartsch²

1991

Inclusion Aspects of Membrane Chemistry

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“…Macrocyclic compound is an important reference compound in chemistry studies such as complexation to metal due to existence electron donating atom in the ligand [8][9]. Some of macrocyclic derivatives have been reported showing great capability in antibacterial, anticancer and HIV treatment [10][11][12][13][14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis and X-Ray Single Crystal Study of 3-Dibutynyl and 4-Dipentynyl Pyridine-2,6-Dicarboxylate

Malek

Ngatiman

Yamin³

et al. 2017

MJAS

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Two pyridine-2,6-dicarboxylates each containing butynyl and pentynyl at position 2 and 6 were synthesized by esterification of 2,6-pyridinedicarbonyl dichloride with N-alkyne alcohol. All compounds were characterized by using nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR), infrared spectroscopy (IR) and mass spectrometry (MS) techniques. Crystallographic studies showed that both compounds, 3-dibutynyl pyridine-2,6-dicarboxylate (3a) and 4-dipentynyl pyridine-2,6-dicarboxylate (3b) crystallized in monoclinic system with same space group of C 2/c.

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Application of macrocyclic compounds in chemical analysis

Cited by 254 publications

References 176 publications

Piezoelectric Crystal Liquid Flow Detection Systems Based on Alkyl (C18)-Benzo-15-Crown 5 for Organic Compounds and Metal Ions

Piezoelectric Crystal Liquid Flow Detection Systems Based on Alkyl (C18)-Benzo-15-Crown 5 for Organic Compounds and Metal Ions

Ion Extraction and Transport by Proton-Ionizable Crown Ethers

Synthesis and X-Ray Single Crystal Study of 3-Dibutynyl and 4-Dipentynyl Pyridine-2,6-Dicarboxylate

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