Application of Magnetic Nanoparticles Coated with Crosslinked Zwitterionic Poly(ionic liquid)s for the Extraction of Oligonucleotides

Abstract

Magnetic nanoparticles coated with zwitterionic poly(ionic liquid)s were applied for dispersive solid-phase extraction of oligonucleotides. The materials were synthesized by miniemulsion copolymerization of ionic liquids and divinylbenzene on magnetic nanoparticles. The functional monomers contain a positively charged imidazolium ring and one of the anionic groups: derivatives of acetate, malonate, or butyl sulfonate ions. Adsorption of unmodified DNA oligonucleotide on obtained materials was possible in ion-exchange (IE) and hydrophilic interactions (HI) mode. The adsorption in IE was possible at low pH and was almost complete. The adsorption in HI mode required the usage of appropriate addition of organic solvent but did not provide full adsorption. Studies on the desorption of the analytes included determining the impact of ammonium acetate concentration and pH and organic solvents addition on the recovery. The material containing acetic fragments as an anionic group was selected for the final procedure with the use of 10 mM ammonium acetate (pH = 9.5)/methanol (50/50, v/v) as an elution solution. The magnetic dispersive solid-phase extraction procedure was tested for the oligonucleotides with various modifications and lengths. Moreover, it was applied to extract DNA oligonucleotide and its synthetic metabolites from enriched human plasma without any pre-purification, with recoveries greater than 80%.

Development of the Method for Nusinersen and Its Metabolites Identification in the Serum Samples of Children Treated with Spinraza for Spinal Muscular Atrophy

“…In the next step, the LLE extracts were further purified and concentrated using other methods, namely SPE, MEPS, and MNPs. The extraction procedures were previously developed in our laboratory and used to extract OGNs from enriched serum samples [ 26 , 27 , 28 ]. In this study, we wanted to compare the efficiency of the developed methods in the study of real samples.…”

“…We also used three other procedures for additional sample purification, which we applied directly to extracts after LLE using phenol/chloroform/isoamyl alcohol (before extraction with chloroform). These procedures were developed previously in our laboratory for the extraction of antisense OGNs from plasma samples [ 26 , 27 , 28 ].…”

Poly(ionic liquid)s: an emerging platform for green chemistry

“…Furthermore, the magnetic dispersive solid-phase extraction procedure was examined for oligonucleotides with various modifications and lengths. 172 to lower particle sizes of magnetite, uniform dispersion, and formation of pores. The largest advantage of a magnetic adsorbent is the easy isolation.…”

“…Furthermore, the magnetic dispersive solid-phase extraction procedure was examined for oligonucleotides with various modifications and lengths. 172 In another work, Atta et al prepared another magnetic cross-linked poly(ionic liquid) based on quaternized 4-vinyl-pyridine- co -acrylamide (QVP/AAm). The adsorptive removal of congo red (CR) by the QVP/AAm-Fe 3 O 4 composite was further investigated.…”

Rapid and highly selective detection of chlorogenic acid in fruit samples by Fe3O4@SiO2@PIL with boron affinity via a fluorescence enhanced strategy

“…30 PILs combine the common features of polymeric materials with the unique properties of ILs. 31 Owing to their unique structural merits, PILs have been used in different material applications such as solid-phase extraction, 32 gas separation, 33,34 catalysis, 35 fluorescence determination, 36 electrochemical sensors, 37 and so on. To the best of our knowledge, introduction of boronic acid groups to prepare novel boronic acid-functionalized ILs with a radical polymerization technique and their applications in fluorescence determination of CGA have not been reported.…”