Imbalanced fatty acid metabolism contributes significantly to the increased incidence of metabolic disorders. Isotope-labeled fatty acids ( 2 H, 13 C) provide efficient means to trace fatty acid metabolism in vivo. This study reports a new and rapid method for the quantification of deuterium-labeled fatty acids in plasma by HPLC-MS. The sample preparation protocol developed required only hydrolysis, neutralization, and quenching steps followed by high-performance liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-mass spectrometry analysis in negative ion mode using single ion monitoring. Deuterium-labeled stearic acid (d7-C18:0) was synthesized to reduce matrix interference observed with d5 analog, which improved the limit of detection (LOD) significantly, depending on the products analyzed. Linearity . 0.999 between the LOD (100 nM) and 30 mM, accuracy . 90%, precision . 88%, and adequate recovery in the dynamic range were obtained for d7-