Application of microfluidic technology in cancer research and therapy

Azadi, Shohreh; Es, Hamidreza Aboulkheyr; Kulasinghe, Arutha; Bordhan, Pritam; Warkiani, Majid Ebrahimi

doi:10.1016/bs.acc.2020.02.012

Cited by 9 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 149 publications

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“…Similar results observed when we cultured an epithelial-like, noninvasive breast cancer cells with MSC-CM in a 3D microfluidic device (Azadi et al, 2020;Shrestha et al, 2020). Our results also indicated that MSC-CM could stimulate phenotypic transformation, invasive behavior, and immune-suppressive capacity in cancer cells (Truong et al, 2019), through the induction of EMT-related genes, especially Vimentin (Tan et al, 2014).…”

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confidence: 86%

Mesenchymal stem cells induce PD‐L1 expression through the secretion of CCL5 in breast cancer cells

Bigdeli

Zhand

et al. 2020

Journal Cellular Physiology

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Various factors in the tumor microenvironment (TME) regulate the expression of PD‐L1 in cancer cells. In TME, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) play a crucial role in tumor progression, metastasis, and drug resistance. Emerging evidence suggests that MSCs can modulate the immune‐suppression capacity of TME through the stimulation of PD‐L1 expression in various cancers; nonetheless, their role in the induction of PD‐L1 in breast cancer remained elusive. Here, we assessed the potential of MSCs in the stimulation of PD‐L1 expression in a low PD‐L1 breast cancer cell line and explored its associated cytokine. We assessed the expression of MSCs‐related genes and their correlation with PD‐L1 across 1826 breast cancer patients from the METABRIC cohort. After culturing an ER+/differentiated/low PD‐L1 breast cancer cells with MSCs conditioned‐medium (MSC‐CM) in a microfluidic device, a variety of in‐vitro assays was carried out to determine the role of MSC‐CM in breast cancer cells' phenotype plasticity, invasion, and its effects on induction of PD‐L1 expression. In‐silico analysis showed a positive association between MSCs‐related genes and PD‐L1 expression in various types of breast cancer. Through functional assays, we revealed that MSC‐CM not only prompts a phenotype switch but also stimulates PD‐L1 expression at the protein level through secretion of various cytokines, especially CCL5. Treatment of MSCs with cytokine inhibitor pirfenidone showed a significant reduction in the secretion of CCL5 and consequently, expression of PD‐L1 in breast cancer cells. We concluded that MSCs‐derived CCL5 may act as a PD‐L1 stimulator in breast cancer.

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confidence: 86%

Mesenchymal stem cells induce PD‐L1 expression through the secretion of CCL5 in breast cancer cells

Bigdeli

Zhand

et al. 2020

Journal Cellular Physiology

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“…The tumor microenvironment, which includes blood vessels, fibroblasts, Through modulation of intercellular communication, EVs also play a role in tumorigenesis [48][49][50]. The tumor microenvironment, which includes blood vessels, fibroblasts, immune cells, and cancer cells, regulates tumor resistance, progression, and metastasis, and all cells within the microenvironment can release EVs [51]. Additionally, researchers have discovered that tumor cells may release more EVs than normal cells [3,52].…”

Section: Importance Of Extracellular Vesiclesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…immune cells, and cancer cells, regulates tumor resistance, progression, and metastasis, and all cells within the microenvironment can release EVs [51]. Additionally, researchers have discovered that tumor cells may release more EVs than normal cells [3,52].…”

Section: Importance Of Extracellular Vesiclesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microfluidic Approaches and Methods Enabling Extracellular Vesicle Isolation for Cancer Diagnostics

et al. 2022

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Advances in cancer research over the past half-century have clearly determined the molecular origins of the disease. Central to the use of molecular signatures for continued progress, including rapid, reliable, and early diagnosis is the use of biomarkers. Specifically, extracellular vesicles as biomarker cargo holders have generated significant interest. However, the isolation, purification, and subsequent analysis of these extracellular vesicles remain a challenge. Technological advances driven by microfluidics-enabled devices have made the challenges for isolation of extracellular vesicles an emerging area of research with significant possibilities for use in clinical settings enabling point-of-care diagnostics for cancer. In this article, we present a tutorial review of the existing microfluidic technologies for cancer diagnostics with a focus on extracellular vesicle isolation methods.

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“…[ 15,70,86–89 ] These systems have numerous advantages over conventional in vitro systems such as (i) biologically relevant dimensions, (ii) simple and low‐cost production, (iii) long‐term drug response monitoring, (v) possibility for integration of many different processes, such as cell culture, sampling, imaging, and multiple sensing elements to detect physiological changes (pH, O 2 , temperature), into a single platform, [ 90 ] (v) precisely mimicking in vivo components and controlling dynamic variables, including gas exchange, nutritional composition, and metabolite and waste removal, and (vi) adaptability for miniaturization, parallelization, and automation. Taking advantage of these unique platforms, various disease models—cancer, [ 69,91,92 ] infectious, [ 93 ] and rare [ 94 ] diseases—have been mimicked to study disease biology features and physiological variables in an artificially created dynamic microenvironment. [ 95 ] After the first “lung‐on‐a‐chip” model was introduced in 2010, [ 96 ] several microfluidic organ‐on‐a‐chip (OoC) platforms, including kidney, [ 97 ] liver, [ 98 ] skin, [ 99 ] heart, [ 100 ] gut, [ 101 ] blood‐brain barrier, [ 102 ] and many more, have exceedingly being established.…”

Section: Challenges Of Translational Nanotheranostics and Microfluidi...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Microfluidic Roadmap for Translational Nanotheranostics

2021

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Nanotheranostic materials (NTMs) shed light on the mechanisms responsible for complex diseases such as cancer because they enable making a diagnosis, monitoring the disease progression, and applying a targeted therapy simultaneously. However, several issues such as the reproducibility and mass production of NTMs hamper their application for clinical practice. To address these issues and facilitate the clinical application of NTMs, microfluidic systems have been increasingly used. This perspective provides a glimpse into the current state‐of‐art of NTM research, emphasizing the methods currently employed at each development stage of NTMs and the related open problems. This work reviews microfluidic technologies used to develop NTMs, ranging from the fabrication and testing of a single NTM up to their manufacturing on a large scale. Ultimately, a step‐by‐step vision on the future development of NTMs for clinical practice enabled by microfluidics techniques is provided.

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Application of microfluidic technology in cancer research and therapy

Cited by 9 publications

References 149 publications

Mesenchymal stem cells induce PD‐L1 expression through the secretion of CCL5 in breast cancer cells

Mesenchymal stem cells induce PD‐L1 expression through the secretion of CCL5 in breast cancer cells

Microfluidic Approaches and Methods Enabling Extracellular Vesicle Isolation for Cancer Diagnostics

Microfluidic Roadmap for Translational Nanotheranostics

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