Application of Monoclonal Antibody Drugs in Treatment of COVID-19: a Review

Kirillova, Aleksandra; Lado, Anna; Blatt, Nataliya L.

doi:10.1007/s12668-022-00997-9

Cited by 4 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 131 publications

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“…These drugs used in autoimmune diseases, viral infections, and cancer have potential in wound care. New cytokines and their roles are being sought to improve the approval rate of biological and biosimilar drugs to accommodate the various therapeutic requirements in combat environments [55][56][57][58].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The use of immunological drugs for the treatment of wound infections in military personnel during hostilities

2024

Педагогічна Академія: Наукові Записки

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Aims: To assesses the trends in immunological drug development for managing wound infections in military personnel. To discuss the efficacy, safety, and long-term results, focusing on combination therapies, and identifying research deficits for improving the care of military wounds. Methodology: A narrative review was used in order to explores the use of immunological drugs for treating wound infections in military settings utilising a search strategy identified 840 publications from PubMed, with 6 studies meeting inclusion criteria for analysis from the years 2019 to 2022. Results: The narrative review concerning the use of immunological drugs for treating wound infections in military personnel during hostilities revealed an increasing trend in research interest from 2000 to 2024, with a significant rise from 7 publications in 2000 and 2001 to a peak of 72 in 2018, followed by a descent to 19 in 2021 likely due to the COVID-19 pandemic, and a slight recovery to 41 in 2022. The key findings included a 50% reduction in infection rates and a 30% faster healing time with monoclonal antibody treatments, over 95% accuracy in species identification of MDR strains, and reduced bacteremia incidence with GM-CSF and G-CSF. Adverse effects varied from mild to moderate, including infusion reactions, nausea, and fatigue. The highlighted challenges included the need for larger sample sizes, long-term follow-up, optimal dosages, and studying diverse populations. Scientific Novelty: Explore the innovative realm of immunological drugs, a promising frontier in combating wound infections among military personnel during active hostilities. Conclusion: The review also identified new developments in immunomodulatory agents for military wound infection, which are effective in decreasing infection rates and enhancing the rate of wound healing.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The use of immunological drugs for the treatment of wound infections in military personnel during hostilities

2024

Педагогічна Академія: Наукові Записки

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“…These aim to enhance IFN responses, induce innate trained immunity, boost mucosal immune populations and reduce excessive inflammation. Additionally, biologicals such as anti-IL-6 or anti-TNF may help mitigate cytokine storm development [ 205 , 206 ]. The effectiveness and necessity of these approaches in different age groups, particularly in young children versus older adults, requires further investigation.…”

Section: Summarising Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diverging patterns in innate immunity against respiratory viruses during a lifetime: lessons from the young and the old

Smits,

Jochems

2024

Eur Respir Rev

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Respiratory viral infections frequently lead to severe respiratory disease, particularly in vulnerable populations such as young children, individuals with chronic lung conditions and older adults, resulting in hospitalisation and, in some cases, fatalities. The innate immune system plays a crucial role in monitoring for, and initiating responses to, viruses, maintaining a state of preparedness through the constant expression of antimicrobial defence molecules. Throughout the course of infection, innate immunity remains actively involved, contributing to viral clearance and damage control, with pivotal contributions from airway epithelial cells and resident and newly recruited immune cells. In instances where viral infections persist or are not effectively eliminated, innate immune components prominently contribute to the resulting pathophysiological consequences. Even though both young children and older adults are susceptible to severe respiratory disease caused by various respiratory viruses, the underlying mechanisms may differ significantly. Children face the challenge of developing and maturing their immunity, while older adults contend with issues such as immune senescence and inflammaging. This review aims to compare the innate immune responses in respiratory viral infections across both age groups, identifying common central hubs that could serve as promising targets for innovative therapeutic and preventive strategies, despite the apparent differences in underlying mechanisms.

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“…Anti-TNFα and IL-17 are drugs supplied with warnings about an increased risk of infections [ 44 , 47 , 48 ]. It has already been described that patients treated with anti-TNFα exhibited lower serologic responses one month and six months after vaccination (COVID-19 BNT162b2) compared to those not treated with anti-TNFα or to healthy controls (HCs) [ 44 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Complexity of the Immune Response Elicited by Different COVID-19 Vaccines, in the Light of Natural Autoantibodies and Immunomodulatory Therapies

Böröcz

Kinyó

Simon

et al. 2023

IJMS

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Despite the abundance of data on the COVID-19 vaccine-induced immune activation, the impact of natural autoantibodies (nAAbs) on these processes is less well defined. Therefore, we investigated potential connections between vaccine efficacy and nAAb levels. We were also interested in the impact of immunomodulatory therapies on vaccine efficacy. Clinical residual samples were used for the assessment of the COVID-19 vaccine-elicited immune response (IR) (n=255), as well as for the investigation of the immunization-associated expansion of the nAAb pool (n=185). In order to study the potential interaction between immunomodulatory therapies and the vaccine-induced IR, untreated, healthy individuals and patients receiving anti-TNFα or anti-IL-17 therapies were compared (n total =45). In-house ELISAs (anticitrate synthase, anti-HSP60 and-70) and commercial ELISAs (anti-SARS-CoV-2 ELISAs IgG, IgA, NeutraLISA and IFN-γ release assay ‘IGRA’) were applied. We found significant differences in the IR given to different vaccines. Moreover, nAAb levels showed plasticity in response to anti-COVID-19 immunization. We conclude that our findings may support the theorem about the non-specific beneficial ‘side effects’ of vaccination, including the broadening of the nAAb repertoire. Considering immunomodulation, we suggest that anti-TNFα and anti-IL17 treatments may interfere negatively with MALT-associated IR, manifested as decreased IgA titers; however, the modest sample numbers of the herein presented model might be a limiting factor of reaching a more comprehensive conclusion.

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Application of Monoclonal Antibody Drugs in Treatment of COVID-19: a Review

Cited by 4 publications

References 131 publications

The use of immunological drugs for the treatment of wound infections in military personnel during hostilities

The use of immunological drugs for the treatment of wound infections in military personnel during hostilities

Diverging patterns in innate immunity against respiratory viruses during a lifetime: lessons from the young and the old

Complexity of the Immune Response Elicited by Different COVID-19 Vaccines, in the Light of Natural Autoantibodies and Immunomodulatory Therapies

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