Application of multi-step excitation schemes for detection of actinides and lanthanides in solutions by laser spectroscopy

Trace analysis of radioisotopes by laser spectroscopy and mass spectrometry

“…2 Resonance ionisation mass spectra of krypton isotopes from a laboratory air standards containing 10 6 krypton atoms, b Sioux County meteorite with a total weight of 3.3. mg containing roughly the same total amount of krypton atoms, c Pasamonte meteorite, which is a smaller grain of 1.2 mg with an order of magnitude less, 10 5 total krypton atoms in solutions is usually recorded with a delay of 10 −3 -10 −6 s with respect to the pump laser pulse (which is an optimal time window). The analysis requires about 1 ml of solution and the sensitivity of the method can reach up to 10-13 mol/l [1][2][3]. TRLIF has intrinsically high selectivity owing to four parameters i.e.…”

“…Circulation times of uranyl (and molecules of other elements) in the blood plasma and urine are different. Therefore, by measuring the dependences of uranyl concentrations on time in urine and blood plasma, it is possible to estimate the time of receipt of excess uranium (and other substances) in the body [1][2][3].…”

“…Luminescence of Pu, Np and some U compounds in liquids was not observed due to strong non-radiative relaxation. However, using chemiluminescence of solutions initiated by excited actinides/lanthanides, it is possible to develop detection techniques for Pu, Np, and U in liquids with high sensitivity, exciting actinides using a tunable pulsed laser [1][2][3].…”

“…The use of laser radiation with tunable wavelength allows [1][2][3] selective excitation of actinide/lanthanide species with subsequent registration of luminescence or chemilumi-nescence for their detection. Using short laser pulses for excitation of molecules and ions in liquids and time resolution (TR) for registra-tion of luminescence (TRLIF) and chemiluminescence (TRLIC) produced by actinide and lanthanide ions one can efficiently separate target signals from shortlived background luminescence.…”

“…Using short laser pulses for excitation of molecules and ions in liquids and time resolution (TR) for registra-tion of luminescence (TRLIF) and chemiluminescence (TRLIC) produced by actinide and lanthanide ions one can efficiently separate target signals from shortlived background luminescence. Application of the multistep scheme of luminescence/chemiluminescence excitation increase both the sensitivity and selectivity of the detection of substances [1][2][3]. The behavior of lanthanides/actinides in the environment determined by their molecular speciation, which can be detected by TRLIF/TRLIC.…”