Application of multiple isotopic and geochemical tracers for investigation of recharge, salinization, and residence time of water in the Souss–Massa aquifer, southwest of Morocco

Bouchaou, Lhoussaine; Michelot, Jean‐Luc; Vengosh, Avner; Hsissou, Youssef; Qurtobi, M.; Gaye, C.B.; Bullen, Thomas D.; Zuppi, Giovanni Maria

doi:10.1016/j.jhydrol.2008.01.022

Cited by 238 publications

(129 citation statements)

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“…The origins of groundwater salinization are diverse such as (1) seawater intrusion (Park et al 2005;Bouchaou et al 2008;Custodio 2010;Cruz et al 2011); (2) evapo-concentration (concentration by evapotranspiration) of airborne salts (Alcalá and Custodio 2008;Guan et al 2010); (3) hydrogeological characteristics of the aquifer (Ben Moussa et al 2011;Farber et al 2007); (4) water-rock interaction, such as dissolution, leaching and hydrolysis of minerals (Van der Weijden and Pacheco 2003; Abid et al 2011;Jalali 2007) and (5) human influence, such as return flows from irrigated agricultural activities (Oren et al 2004;Almasri 2007;García-Garizabal and Causape 2011).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Combining the advantages of neural networks using the concept of committee machine in the groundwater salinity prediction

Barzegar

Moghaddam

2016

Model. Earth Syst. Environ.

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Salinity is one of the main factors in groundwater quality monitoring. The main objectives of this study are to investigate and compare the accuracy of three different neural computing techniques, multi-layer perceptron neural network (MLP), radial basis function neural network (RBFNN), and generalized regression neural network (GRNN), in prediction of groundwater salinity of the Tabriz plain confined aquifer, expressed by electrical conductivity [EC (lS/cm)], and to employ an integrated method to combine the advantages of neural network models utilizing the concept of committee machine. To develop the models, 93 data records of groundwater samples were collected from East Azarbaijan regional water company. The data set including Ca 2? , Mg 2? , Na ? , SO 4 2-and Cl -concentrations as the inputs and salinity [EC (lS/ cm)] as an output were divided into two subsets; training and testing based on cross validation approach. After training and testing of the models, the performance of the models were evaluated using root mean square errors (RMSE), determination coefficient (R 2 ) and mean absolute error (MAE). The performance criteria of the constructed neural network models showed that RBFNN model has the best performance in predicting salinity. The committee neural network (CNN) combined the results of salinity predicted from MLP, RBFNN and GRNN, each of them has a weight factor showing its contribution in overall prediction. The optimal weights were derived by a genetic algorithm (GA). The results of salinity prediction derived from CNN showed that the CNN performs better than any one of the individual ANNs acting alone for predicting groundwater salinity.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Combining the advantages of neural networks using the concept of committee machine in the groundwater salinity prediction

Barzegar

Moghaddam

2016

Model. Earth Syst. Environ.

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“…The deterioration of coastal aquifers due to salinization may endanger future water exploitation . There are a number of mechanisms that have the potential to lead to salinity in coastal regions: (i) agricultural return flows from local groundwater extraction (Bouchaou et al, 2008;Cruz-Fuentes et al, 2014); (ii) a high degree of evaporation in residual saline water (McCaffrey et al, 1987;Han et al, 2014); (iii) recharge/leakage of imported salt water from the sea for fishing industries (Chang and Li, 2011); (iv) seawater intrusion/tidal flat/sea level rising (Werner et al, 2013); (v) saltwater upconing from underlying aquifers (Barlow, 2003;Szynkiewicz et al, 2008) or downward movement of shallow saline groundwater from upper aquifers under extensive pumping (Vengosh and Ben-Zvi, 1994;Guo et al, 1995;Cary et al, 2015); (vi) mixing modern recharged water with the palaeo-seawater (brines) (Yechieli et al, 1992;Han et al, 2011Han et al, , 2012; (vii) sewage effluents (Vengosh et al, 1998);and (viii) water-rock interaction (Jones et al, 1999;Vengosh et al, 2007;de Montety et al, 2008;Mongelli et al, 2013;Merchán et al, 2015). For a reliable water management/protection plan and to prevent further deterioration, it is essential to study the major geochemical processes that modify hydrochemical compositions of waters salinized by seawater intrusion and to elucidate the salinity sources and flow paths that exist in the coastal aquifer.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Residence times of groundwater and nitrate transport in coastal aquifer systems: Daweijia area, northeastern China

Han

Cao

McCallum

et al. 2015

Science of The Total Environment

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• Examine high nitrate contents in the coastal carbonate aquifer of northeast China • Estimate renewal rates and mean residence times of groundwater in coastal aquifers • Evaluate the relation between groundwater age distribution and nitrate transport • Propose potential pollution patterns of nitrate distribution in the coastal aquifer • Identify anthropogenic input mainly responsible for increasing groundwater salinity a b s t r a c t a r t i c l e i n f o H and CFCs methods were applied to provide a better understanding of the relationship between the distribution of groundwater mean residence time (MRT) and nitrate transport, and to identify sources of nitrate concentrations in the complex coastal aquifer systems. There is a relatively narrow range of isotopic composition (ranging from − 8.5 to − 7.0‰) in most groundwater. Generally higher tritium contents observed in the wet season relative to the dry season may result from rapid groundwater circulation in response to the rainfall through the preferential flow paths. In the well field, the relatively increased nitrate concentrations of groundwater, accompanied by the higher tritium contents in the wet season, indicate the nitrate pollution can be attributed to domestic wastes. The binary exponential and piston-flow mixing model (BEP) yielded feasible age distributions based on the conceptual model. The good inverse relationship between groundwater MRTs (92-467 years) and the NO 3 − concentrations in the shallow Quaternary aquifers indicates that elevated nitrate concentrations are attributable to more recent recharge for shallow groundwater. However, there is no significant relationship between the MRTs (8-411 years) and the NO 3 − concentrations existing in the carbonate aquifer system, due to the complex hydrogeological conditions, groundwater age distributions and the range of contaminant source areas. Nitrate in the groundwater system without denitrification effects could accumulate and be transported for tens of years, through the complex carbonate aquifer matrix and the successive inputs of nitrogen from various sources.

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“…The problem has also been observed in India [6], China [15] and in the USA [11], where the area of degraded soil is estimated at 20%. Water salination has also been researched in Morocco [1,16,17]. The processes influencing the chemistry and creating high salinity of shallow groundwaters have been analysed in these papers.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Potential Use of Alluvial Groundwater for Irrigation in Arid Zones - Mhamid Oasis (S Morocco)

Dłużewski

Kozłowski

Szczucińska

2017

Ecological Chemistry and Engineering S

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Abstract:In arid zones, the availability of fresh water is usually very limited because of high salinity, which greatly limits their use for irrigation purposes. High mineralization of water used for irrigation leads to increased soil salinity. The aim of the study was to examine the potential use of alluvial groundwater for irrigation in arid zones. The works were conducted in the Middle Draa Valley in southern Morocco (the Mhamid Oasis) in October 2015. Water samples of alluvial groundwater were collected for laboratory analysis from 42 wells located in the oasis. In order to determine the possibility to use the water for irrigation purposes, the Sodium Adsorption Ratio (SAR), sodium percentage (%Na), permeability index (PI), Kelly's ratio (KR), magnesium hazards (MH) and electrical conductivity (EC) were assessed. EC values, exceeding 3000 µS·cm -1 in all the samples, classify the water as unsuitable for irrigation. MH and the KR indexes show that 30% of water samples represent levels making them unsuitable for irrigation. SAR confirms the very high degree of susceptibility of the analyzed waters to salinity hazard. The PI index of these waters is moderate, however in terms of sodium content they can be deemed suitable for irrigation purposes. It has been found that even within a small area of the oasis, a very large differentiation in the alluvial groundwater suitability for irrigation purposes occurs.

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Application of multiple isotopic and geochemical tracers for investigation of recharge, salinization, and residence time of water in the Souss–Massa aquifer, southwest of Morocco

Cited by 238 publications

References 56 publications

Combining the advantages of neural networks using the concept of committee machine in the groundwater salinity prediction

Combining the advantages of neural networks using the concept of committee machine in the groundwater salinity prediction

Residence times of groundwater and nitrate transport in coastal aquifer systems: Daweijia area, northeastern China

Potential Use of Alluvial Groundwater for Irrigation in Arid Zones - Mhamid Oasis (S Morocco)

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