Application of Nanogenerators in the Field of Acoustics

Abstract

The nanogenerator is a device that can effectively convert the extra mechanical energy released by the environment or the human body into electrical energy. The device collects energy from the environment, such as wind, sound, and small mechanical energy, efficiently and with a low threshold. Because of their unique advantages and excellent output performance, nanogenerators have received wide attention in the field of energy harvesting. Coupled with its high flexibility, low power consumption, and the need for external energy storage devices to achieve complete self-powered characteristics, nanogenerators in other fields, such as acoustics, have high research and application value. The nanogenerators can not only greatly improve the flexibility, portability, and efficiency of the acoustic devices but also act as acoustic devices such as microphones and speakers. The structure and working principle of the triboelectric nanogenerators, piezoelectric nanogenerators, and pyroelectric nanogenerators and the successful combination of various nanogenerators with acoustic devices are reviewed. The feasibility of the application of the nanogenerator technology in the field of acoustics and the flexibility of the combination of nanogenerators and acoustic equipment are described, and the advantages of the equipment produced in combination of the two fields are briefly introduced. Finally, the development prospect and challenges of the nanogenerators in the field of acoustics are discussed, and personal suggestions are put forward.

Triboelectric Nanogenerator Assisted by Machine Learning

“…TENGs combined with machine learning have emerged in many fields, which has a far-reaching positive impact on people’s daily life. This paper summarizes the case of the combination of machine learning and TENGs and fully demonstrates the great potential of the integration of machine learning technology and TENGs from five aspects: traffic safety, environmental monitoring, information protection, health monitoring, and human–computer interaction. , We believe that with the powerful tool of machine learning, the TENG will show more vitality in more fields of our lives. − However, considering that this is a new field, there are still some problems that need to be solved urgently in the future development process.…”

Recent Advances in Nanosensors for Motion Detection

“…It is noteworthy that, despite having an extremely small band gap, InSb and InAs tellurides have unusually high mobility. 15 Heavy doping is necessary to improve the narrow-band-gap semiconductors' temperature performance, but doing so compromises their natural benefit of high mobility. At a current of 1 mA, a Sibased sensor generally reaches a Hall sensitivity of roughly 1 mV/mT.…”

“…As a result, some materials, such as Si, Ge, GaAs, InAs, InP, InSb, , graphene, and others, are well suited for Hall sensors. It is noteworthy that, despite having an extremely small band gap, InSb and InAs tellurides have unusually high mobility . Heavy doping is necessary to improve the narrow-band-gap semiconductors’ temperature performance, but doing so compromises their natural benefit of high mobility.…”

Recent Advances in Flexible Nanogenerators for Microphone and Loudspeaker Applications

“…Notably, due to their smaller mass and higher mechanical resonance frequencies, the single-layer and two-layer FENGs do not exhibit this resonance peak. The difference in resonance behavior among these FENG configurations highlights the importance of understanding their mechanical properties and how they can affect the device’s output in different frequency ranges. , …”