Application of Organic Carbon and Nitrogen Stable Isotope and C/N Ratios as Source Indicators of Organic Matter Provenance in Estuarine Systems: Evidence from the Tay Estuary, Scotland

Thornton, Steven F.; McManus, John

doi:10.1006/ecss.1994.1015

Cited by 632 publications

(319 citation statements)

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“…An increasing gradient of sediment C:N was also observed with increasing distance from the seaward edge of mangrove forests in our study, consistent with an increase in the proportion of terrestrial or mangrove derived organic matter (Thornton and McManus, 1994;Bouillon et al, 2003) with distance from the seaward edge.…”

Section: Total Ecosystem Carbon and Nitrogen Stocks In Temperate A Msupporting

confidence: 89%

Carbon and Nitrogen Stocks and Below-Ground Allometry in Temperate Mangroves

2016

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Mangroves play an important role in the storage of carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) within estuarine systems, yet are being lost at an alarming rate throughout the tropics. In contrast, temperate mangroves have increased in area at many locations in recent decades. Field surveys, sediment sampling, allometry, and C and N analysis were used to determine total C and N stocks in five temperate Avicennia marina subsp. australasica forests in New Zealand. This is the first study developing allometric functions to estimate root biomass C and N stocks for A. marina. A. marina forests stored 117.1 ± 16.8 t C ha −1 and 15.4 ± 1.0 t N ha −1 in above and below-ground biomass and sediment to 100 cm depth. Below-ground biomass and sediment C and N stocks contributed 88 ± 3 and 99 ± 0.4% to total C and N stocks, respectively, emphasizing the importance of below-ground biomass and sediment in mangrove ecosystems. The results of this study can be used to inform management decisions for estuarine and coastal ecosystems, currently undergoing rapid changes in mangrove area.

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Section: Total Ecosystem Carbon and Nitrogen Stocks In Temperate A Msupporting

confidence: 89%

Carbon and Nitrogen Stocks and Below-Ground Allometry in Temperate Mangroves

2016

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“…In addition, high Chl-a in the NW region further decreased pCO 2 levels through primary production. The isotopic ratios of POC is lighter (d 13 C POC 022.890.5) in the NW which is close to marine plankton signal of (23.2 (Thornton and McManus, 1994) than in the SW region (d 13 C POC 025.490.6) suggesting POC in the former region was mainly contributed through in situ primary production. Thus, low pCO 2 levels in the NW coastal region were influenced by both physical and biological processes.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 65%

Sources and sinks of CO<sub>2</sub> in the west coast of Bay of Bengal

Sarma¹,

Krishna²,

Rao³

et al. 2012

Tellus B: Chemical and Physical Meteorology

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A B S T R A C TObservations at high spatial resolution (100 )50 km 2 ) in the western continental shelf of Bay of Bengal during southwest monsoon, when peak discharge occurs into the Bay through major rivers of the Indian subcontinent, revealed that freshwater discharge exerts dominant control on the inorganic carbon components in surface waters. Lower than present atmospheric pCO 2 levels were found in the northwestern (NW) than southwestern (SW) coastal Bay of Bengal. The pCO 2 levels in the peninsular rivers were an order of magnitude higher (5000Á 17000 matm) than that of atmospheric levels and glacial river Ganges ( Â500 matm). The discharge from the peninsular rivers has a stronger influence in the SW region, whereas the Ganges river discharge has a stronger influences in the NW region. Source or sink of CO 2 in the shelf region depends on the discharged river characteristics and the East India Coastal Current that distributes discharged water along the coast. Although during northeast monsoon, the situation is briefly reversed and the region acts as a sink, and on annual scale, the western Bay of Bengal acts as a source for atmospheric CO 2 than hitherto hypothesised.

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“…In a study of the Tay Estuary, Thornton & McManus (1994) compared the use of C:N ratios, δ 13 C and δ 15 N as tracers of marine and terrigenous organic matter. They concluded that δ 13 C provided the best means of estimating the relative contribution of organic matter arising from marine and terrestrial sources because the isotopic signature was more likely to be conserved during organic matter degradation, whereas C:N ratios and δ 15 N are both likely to increase as organic matter is degraded.…”

Section: Stable Isotopes As Indicators Of Sources Of Organic Carbon Wmentioning

confidence: 99%

Carbon and nitrogen cycling on intertidal mudflats of a temperate Australian estuary. III. Sources of organic matter

Cook¹,

Revill²,

Clementson³

et al. 2004

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

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The sources and cycling of organic matter on 2 mudflats in the Huon Estuary, SE Tasmania, were investigated over 4 seasons using pigment and lipid biomarkers as well as stable isotopes of carbon and nitrogen; 1 site was in the upper estuary,1 site was in a marine side-arm. The organic matter within the sediments at both sites was dominated by terrestrial sources, but most of this was refractory and only slowly remineralised. Significant, but seasonally variable, amounts of organic matter were derived from microphytobenthos (MPB), but this was rapidly remineralised and comprised only a minor fraction of the preserved sediment organic matter pool. Compound specific stable-isotope analysis of bacterial biomarkers suggested that the bacteria within the sediment were consuming microalgae-derived material. Separation of MPB from the sediment at the site in the upper estuary using the lens-tissue technique was found to significantly fractionate the algae community with cyanobacteria being enriched in the separated fraction. Nitrogen fixation probably contributed significantly to the growth requirements of cyanobacteria at the site in the upper estuary, as indicated by the low δ 15 N value of the cyanobacteria separated from the sediment.KEY WORDS: Microphytobenthos · Stable isotope · Compound-specific isotope-ratio mass spectrometry · Fatty acids · Sterols · Accessory pigment · Mudflat Resale or republication not permitted without written consent of the publisherMar Ecol Prog Ser 280: [55][56][57][58][59][60][61][62][63][64][65][66][67][68][69][70][71][72] 2004 1999, Cahoon & Safi 2002), but this may shift seasonally to chlorophytes and cyanobacteria (Barranguet et al. 1997). In some areas, intertidal sediments may be dominated by cyanobacteria where high rates of nitrogen fixation may supply a significant amount of nitrogen to the benthic community (Stal et al. 1984, Bautista & Paerl 1985, Stal 1995.A number of approaches have been used to estimate the contributions of organic matter from various sources to sediments. Isotope ratios of 13 C/ 12 C have been used to estimate the relative contribution of terrestrial and marine sources to sedimentary organic matter (Fry & Sherr 1984). While this approach is relatively simple and gives an integrated estimate of sources for the total carbon in the sample, it will only provide useful information when there are 2 welldefined end-members. Furthermore, this technique gives little information about the type of marine or terrestrial organic matter in question.The use of lipid and pigment biomarkers such as fatty acids and sterols can allow the sources of various subfractions of organic matter to be identified much more specifically than any of the above approaches. However, unambiguously assigning sources to biomarkers is difficult, as they are rarely produced by a single class of organism. The advent of compound-specific stableisotope analysis has provided a powerful new tool for the differentiation between 2 sources of the same biomarker, provided the isotopic sign...

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Application of Organic Carbon and Nitrogen Stable Isotope and C/N Ratios as Source Indicators of Organic Matter Provenance in Estuarine Systems: Evidence from the Tay Estuary, Scotland

Cited by 632 publications

References 0 publications

Carbon and Nitrogen Stocks and Below-Ground Allometry in Temperate Mangroves

Carbon and Nitrogen Stocks and Below-Ground Allometry in Temperate Mangroves

Sources and sinks of CO<sub>2</sub> in the west coast of Bay of Bengal

Carbon and nitrogen cycling on intertidal mudflats of a temperate Australian estuary. III. Sources of organic matter

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