Application of p16, p63, cyclin D1 immunostaining and nuclear morphometric analysis for assessment of cervical dysplasia

Abstract

Background/Aim. Human papilloma virus (HPV) infection is the main etiological factor for the development of precancerous dysplastic squamous intraepithelial lesions (SIL). The virus oncoproteins affect several proteins included in cell proliferation. The aims of this study were the evaluate application of immunohistochemical markers related with proteins of cell cycle and also application of nuclear morphometric analysis for assessment of cervical dysplasia. Methods. Retrospective study included 78 women with detected of presence of high-risk HPV by Polymerase chain reaction (PCR), with histopathology diagnosis Low-grade SIL or High-grade SIL. Immunohistochemical staining for p16, p63, Cyclin D1 and morphometric analysis of the nuclear surface area were performed. The control group consisted of ten women without SIL and without HPV infection. This study was conducted in accordance with the Helsinki Declaration. Results: Comparing immunohistochemical expression of p16 and p63, highly significant statistical differences (p<0,001) were established among control, LSIL and HSIL groups, while Cyclin D1 showed significant statistical difference (p<0,05). Great variations were observed in nuclear morphology and nuclear surface area had highly statistically significant differences (p<0,001) among control, LSIL and HSIL groups. Conclusion. This study demonstrated that immunohistochemical analysis p16, p63 and Cyclin D1 are important analysis for diagnosis of dysplastic changes in cervical epithelium.Also morphometric analysis of the nuclear surface area study demonstrated a big impotance for diagnosis of cervical dysplasia.