Application of pharmaceuticals to nitric oxide

Low, Sylvia Y.

doi:10.1016/j.mam.2004.09.005

Cited by 19 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 150 publications

(163 reference statements)

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“…First, other studies (9,11,15,30) examining the role of eNOS and iNOS have utilized pharmacological inhibition. These drugs (i.e., L-NAME or L-NNA) have been reported (22) to have many other nonspecific effects in addition to inhibiting NOS. In contrast to the present study, previous studies (8,15,24,30) investigated sildenafil treatment before cardiac insult.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sildenafil-mediated acute cardioprotection is independent of the NO/cGMP pathway

Elrod¹,

Greer²,

Lefer³

2007

American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sildenafil-mediated acute cardioprotection is independent of the NO/cGMP pathway

Elrod¹,

Greer²,

Lefer³

2007

American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology

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“…Both excess NO and its deficiency are implicated in several types of pain; therefore, pharmacological modulation of NO levels and NO biosynthesis to either promote NO production or to inhibit it may be a therapeutic strategy for treating different types of pain 107,108 …”

Section: Potential Applications Of No In Pain Treatmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nitric oxide and pain: ‘Something old, something new’

Miclescu

Gordh

2009

Acta Anaesthesiol Scand

102

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Challenges have emerged following the revival of nitric oxide (NO) from "something old", a simple gas derived from nitrogen and oxygen with a role in the early stages of evolution, into "something new", an endogenously formed biological mediator regulating a wide variety of physiological functions. Although pain is a common sensation, it encompasses multiple neurobiologic components of which NO is only one. In pain research, the study of NO is complicated by convoluted problems related mostly to the effects of NO, which are pro-or antinociceptive depending on the circumstances. This dual function reflects the two faces of the NO molecule described in physiology. This review covers current information about NO and its implications in pain mechanisms. In addition, it follows the pain pathways, 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 F o r P e e r R e v i e w 4 IntroductionThe revival of nitric oxide (NO) indicates that "something simple and something old" may now be "new" again. It should be remembered that NO is a simple gas (1) derived from nitrogen and oxygen, and it played a crucial role in the early stages of evolution (2). NO may have constituted a critical defence mechanism for primitive microorganisms by counteracting oxidative destruction and giving them an evolutionary advantage (2). Not only is NO an ancient and widely used regulator of the life history of different species of eukaryotes and solitary ascidians (3), but the presence of NO was observed in plants much earlier than in animals (4). Discovered in the 17 th century by Jan B. Helmont (5) and studied under the name "phlogisticated nitrous air" by Joseph Priestley (6), NO was regarded for many years as an environmental pollutant (7). It became "something new" in 1992 when it received intense media coverage due to its stature as a biological messenger (8) and became the molecule of the year (9). The 1998 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine was awarded for "the first discovery that a gas can act as a signal molecule", emphasising that NO is a biological mediator produced by mammalian cells (10). The fascinating history of NO thereafter continued, with extensive research showing that NO plays an important role in most human organ systems, and in neurotransmission, immune defence, regulation of death cells and cell motility (10).It was reported that NO modulates spinal and sensory neuron excitability that contributes to different pain states. However, investigating the implications of this molecule in nociception remains a challenging task. The aim of the present review is to summarise the contributions of NO to pain mechanisms, bo...

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“…Metal complexes, nitrosothiols, nitrosamines, and diazeniumdiolates were all examples of molecular structures that had been developed as effective NO donors [8]. Such "NO donors" facilitated the improved understanding of NO's function in biological systems and might potentially serve as therapeutic agents for a number of disease states [9,10]. Diazeniumdiolate NO donors were particularly attractive because they dissociated spontaneously under physiological conditions (i.e., 37 • C, pH 7.4) to yield two moles of NO per mole of NO donor [11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%