Application of precolumn oxidation HPLC method with fluorescence detection to evaluate saxitoxin levels in discrete brain regions of rats

Cianca, Rosa Carmina Cervantes; Pallarés, Miguel Alfonso; Barbosa, Rafael Durán; Adan, Lucia Vidal; Martins, J. Manuel Leão; Gago-Martı́nez, Ana

doi:10.1016/j.toxicon.2006.09.021

Cited by 29 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…DA was extracted from the reconstituted tissues of S. aurata [21] and proteins were extracted with perchloric acid using a previously described method [22]. Recovery experiments were carried out to evaluate the efficiency of the extraction method.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Toxic Effects of Domoic Acid in the Seabream Sparus aurata

Nogueira¹,

Lobo-da-Cunha

Afonso³

et al. 2010

Marine Drugs

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Neurotoxicity induced in fish by domoic acid (DA) was assessed with respect to occurrence of neurotoxic signs, lethality, and histopathology by light microscopy. Sparus aurata were exposed to a single dose of DA by intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection of 0, 0.45, 0.9, and 9.0 mg DA kg−1 bw. Mortality (66.67 ± 16.67%) was only observed in dose of 9.0 mg kg−1 bw. Signs of neurological toxicity were detected for the doses of 0.9 and 9.0 mg DA kg−1 bw. Furthermore, the mean concentrations (±SD) of DA detected by HPLC-UV in extracts of brain after exposure to 9.0 mg DA kg−1 bw were 0.61 ± 0.01, 0.96 ± 0.00, and 0.36 ± 0.01 mg DA kg−1 tissue at 1, 2, and 4 hours. The lack of major permanent brain damage in S. aurata, and reversibility of neurotoxic signs, suggest that lower susceptibility to DA or neuronal recovery occurs in affected individuals.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Toxic Effects of Domoic Acid in the Seabream Sparus aurata

Nogueira¹,

Lobo-da-Cunha

Afonso³

et al. 2010

Marine Drugs

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“…The main species responsible for contamination in marine waters are three morphologically distinct genera of dinoflagellates ( Alexandrium sp., Pyrodinium sp., and Gymnodinium sp. ), while four different species of cyanobacteria ( Anabaena circinalis , Aphanizomenon flos-aquae , Cylindrospermopsis raciborskii , and Lyngbya wollei ) are the main species responsible in freshwaters [ 1 – 7 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Behavioral alterations induced by repeated saxitoxin exposure in drinking water

Diehl

Ramos

Santos

et al. 2016

J Venom Anim Toxins Incl Trop Dis

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BackgroundBlooms of the saxitoxin-producing cyanobacterium Cylindrospermopsis raciborskii have been contaminating drinking water reservoirs in Brazil for many years. Although acute effects of saxitoxin intoxication are well known, chronic deleterious outcomes caused by repeated saxitoxin exposure still require further investigation. The aim of the present work is to investigate the effects of consumption of drinking water contaminated with C. raciborskii for 30 days on learning and memory processes in rats.MethodsThe effects of saxitoxin (3 or 9 μg/L STX equivalents) or cyanobacteria on behavior was determined using the open field habituation task, elevated plus maze anxiety model task, inhibitory avoidance task, and referential Morris water maze task.ResultsNo effects of saxitoxin consumption was observed on anxiety and motor exploratory parameters in the elevated plus maze and open field habituation tasks, respectively. However, groups treated with 9 μg/L STX equivalents displayed a decreased memory performance in the inhibitory avoidance and Morris water maze tasks.ConclusionsThese results suggest an amnesic effect of saxitoxin on aversive and spatial memories.

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“…Several analytical techniques have been proposed to detect natural neurotoxins, such as HPLC with pre- and post-column derivatization [13], [14], thin-layer chromatography (TLC) [15], fluorometry [16], cell bioassay [17], flow cytometry [18], neurophysiological methods [19], capillary electrophoresis [20], [21], hemolysis [22], electrochemical methods [23], electrophoretic method [24], and ELISA [25], [26]. An ELISA test kit for detecting saxitoxin in shellfish is also commercially available (RIDASCREEN ® Saxitoxin and RIDASCREEN ® FAST Saxitoxin; r-Biopharm AG).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enzyme-luminescence method: Tool for real-time monitoring of natural neurotoxins in vitro and l-glutamate release from primary cortical neurons

Hossain

2016

Biotechnology Reports

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HighlightsWe describe the applicability of our previously developed novel enzyme-luminescence method for rapid and sensitive detection of natural neurotoxins (e.g., shellfish and mushroom toxins) using brain model cells (C6 glioma cells) in vitro.A racemic mixtures of the gonyautoxins (GTX), including GTX2,3 and GTX1,4 were used for evaluating the inhibition effects of these toxins on glutamate release from the C6 glioma cells. The potency was compared based on IC50 values.The activation effect of ibotenic acid (a mushroom toxin) on glutamate release from C6 cells was also evaluated. The potency was compared based on EC50 values.We also tested the applicability of our system for real-time detection of glutamate release from primary rat cortical neurons instead of model cells.This novel detection technique may be also applicable in determining neuronal differentiation ratio as well finding glutamatergic neurons without immunostaining in situ.This sensing tool may also has a great potential for the investigation of the effects of various growth factors and chemicals on neuronal differentiation, neurotransmitter dynamics, neurodegeneration, and synaptogenesis.

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Application of precolumn oxidation HPLC method with fluorescence detection to evaluate saxitoxin levels in discrete brain regions of rats

Cited by 29 publications

References 16 publications

Toxic Effects of Domoic Acid in the Seabream Sparus aurata

Toxic Effects of Domoic Acid in the Seabream Sparus aurata

Behavioral alterations induced by repeated saxitoxin exposure in drinking water

Enzyme-luminescence method: Tool for real-time monitoring of natural neurotoxins in vitro and l-glutamate release from primary cortical neurons

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