Application of PRP (platelet-rich plasma) in surgical periodontal therapy: overview

Abstract

Clinical and morphological manifestation of periodontitis is associated with persistent inflammation of the gingiva, loss of connective tissue attachment, formation of a periodontal pocket and loss of alveolar bone, which indicate variations in a wide range in different individuals. The main purpose of non-surgical therapy for periodontitis is to achieve long-term control of inflammation, and the ultimate goal of therapy is the regeneration of periodontal tissues affected by destruction. The unique anatomy and structure of the entire periodontal complex determine the course of more complex processes related to the restoration of periodontal structures affected by destruction, which include coordination of response by four different types of tissues: epithelial tissue, connective tissue, periodontal ligament and bone. Periodontal regeneration is defined as the regeneration of main tooth-supporting tissues: alveolar bone, periodontal ligament, cementum and attachment. Modern modalities for carrying out the periodontal regeneration include the use of bone substitutes, guided tissue regeneration with barrier membranes, treatments with flaps and a variety of additional components, such as: soft tissue grafts, root biomodifiers and growth factors, the carrier of which is platelet-rich plasma (PRP). This mini-review provides an overview of PRP applied in surgical periodontal therapy. Data of the initial experiences with this method are included, as well as brief references on its usage in the clinical practice. There is no substitute material in the modern literature shown as the gold standard in the treatment of periodontal bone defects.

Effect of Injectable Platelet-Rich Fibrin with a Nano-Hydroxyapatite Bone Graft on the Treatment of a Grade II Furcation Defect

“…It has been used in the field of medicine for a long time. However, the addition of the anti-coagulants causes delayed healing [ 9 ].…”

“…It is prepared by collecting the blood in a glass tube and immediately centrifuging it. This results in the formation of a coagulum which is used as such or converted into a membrane by applying pressure to the coagulum in a PRF box [ 9 ]. Various modifications to the centrifugation process resulted in the development of different forms of platelet concentrate such as concentrated growth factor (CGF), advanced platelet-rich fibrin (A-PRF) and titanium platelet-rich fibrin (T-PRF).…”