Application of Raman Amplification using a Reflector in Passive Optical Networks

Abstract

We have studied Raman amplification in passive optical networks (PON). A use of a reflector, which reflects pump wave for Raman amplification, is proposed in this paper to mitigate pump power. The reflector also serves as a pump blocking filter for each subscriber. To clarify the effects of a reflector in PON, the wavelength dependence of Raman gain (or loss) and amplified spontaneous emis sion (ASE) has been investigated theoretically and ex perimentally. Raman amplification with a reflector is applied to both ordinary PON systems and wavelength division multiplex (WDM) PON systems as case studies. Finally, effects of Raman amplification with a reflector are discussed.

Feasibility study of hybrid-Raman amplifier for passive optical networks

“…The configuration shown in Fig. 1 is based on the previously proposed systems using a reflector R [2]. Central office (CO) and subscribers are connected using a star coupler (SC).…”

“…Therefore, we have developed new equations to simply evaluate the gain and OSNR of EDFA with both pumping. As for LRA, we use well-known Raman amplifier equations [2]. Calculated gain and OSNR values based on these equations are compared with experimental results and they are in good agreement.…”

“…Next-generation PON systems have been extensively discussed to upgrade the existing PON systems [1]. In the previous paper [2], we investigated a use of Raman amplification using a reflector.…”

Asymmetric optical signal noise ratio in passive optical networks using Raman amplification

“…The measured G R values shown in [3] are used for calculations. For simplicity, we show the equations for one signal wave and forward and backward (reflected) pump waves.…”

“…properties for up/downstream signals when we use a star coupler as a splitting device [3]. Optical transmission systems using Raman amplification have been commercially used in trunk line networks [5].…”