Application of real-time PCR for total airborne bacterial assessment: Comparison with epifluorescence microscopy and culture-dependent methods

Rinsoz, Thomas; Duquenne, Philippe; Greff-Mirguet, Guylaine; Oppliger, Anne

doi:10.1016/j.atmosenv.2008.05.018

Cited by 50 publications

(41 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…Moreover, the artificial reproduction of a natural growth medium is all but impossible because of our inability to recreate environmental interaction between microorganisms, temperature, moisture, or nutrients for all microorganisms at the same time [5]. Because of these different factors, the quantitative and qualitative measurements of bioaerosols are often underestimated [11] and it is now accepted that non-viable or as-yet-unculturable bacteria can induce allergic reactions, be a source of endotoxins and cause diseases [11]. Molecular tools, although rarely used in such studies, make possible a more exhaustive description of airborne microbiology [12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Reliable Procedure for Molecular Analysis of Airborne Microflora in Three Indoor Environments: An Office and Two Different Museum Contexts

Gaüzère

Moletta-Denat

Bousta

et al. 2012

CLEAN Soil Air Water

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Biological aerosols from air constitute a significant source of exposure to microorganisms in public places. Airborne microorganisms are involved in the development of certain respiratory symptoms, allergies, or infections among users and occupants. Various sampling instruments have commonly been used in aerobiology to collect bacteria and fungi suspended in the air. The objective of this study was to develop a reliable procedure for sampling in indoor public environments presenting different levels of occupancy, airborne bacteria and fungi to be subjected to molecular analysis (bacteria and fungi quantitative PCR, capillary electrophoresis single strand conformation polymorphism fingerprinting). Four different sampling devices were tested in situ in an office building (open-plan type) and the sampling strategy chosen was tested in two museum contexts. In accordance with the drawbacks involved to our study (quantitative and qualitative aspects, cost, and overcrowding), cyclone device appeared to be most suitable. The results underline the effectiveness of this high-volume aerosol sampling device for both qualitative and quantitative molecular analysis. Four in situ sampling collections were carried out in 1 day in the Louvre Museum to study quantitative and qualitative variations of airborne bacterial and fungal diversity. The quantitative results revealed a similar order of magnitude for the numbers of both bacteria and fungi. In the Louvre Museum, the samples yielded between 3.7 Â indicate that the dominant bacterial community displayed a stable structure over a short period of time whereas dominant eukaryotic airborne community appeared more variable.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Reliable Procedure for Molecular Analysis of Airborne Microflora in Three Indoor Environments: An Office and Two Different Museum Contexts

Gaüzère

Moletta-Denat

Bousta

et al. 2012

CLEAN Soil Air Water

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“…A recent study has demonstrated that viable Legionella pneumophila can be efficiently sampled by the AGI-30 and BioSampler and successfully quantified by with quantitative PCR [82]. As examples, real-time quantitative PCR to determine airborne bacterial loads or -more specifically -Salmonella in poultry houses was only applied recently [83,84].…”

Section: Polymerase Chain Reaction (Pcr) -Pcr Techniquementioning

confidence: 99%

Bioaerosols in Indoor Environment - A Review with Special Reference to Residential and Occupational Locations

Brandl¹

2011

TOEBMJ

177

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Bioaerosols such as bacterial and fungal cells and their spores are -along with non-biological particles -part of indoor airborne particulate matter and have been related since a long time to health issues of human beings as well as flora, and fauna. To identify the different risks and to establish exposure thresholds, microbiology of air samples from a series of indoor environments must be characterized, i.e. the different microorganisms (bacteria and fungi) must be identified and quantified. This review discusses the techniques of air sampling and sample analysis. In addition, a literature study has been performed regarding the levels of these microorganisms in various indoor occupational (e.g., schools, offices, hospitals, museums) and dwelling environments. These results will provide a significant scientific basis for indoor air quality control and help in elaborating risk prevention programs for workers and dwellers. This review shall contribute to the knowledge of identification and quantification of airborne microbial constituents in various indoor environments. Combining the indoor microbial load data with data from studies focusing on health effects caused by inhalation of specific airborne microorganisms will allow the evaluation of various risks to which inhabitants are exposed. Bioaerosols in Indoor Environment -A Review with Special Reference to Residential and Occupational LocationsJyotshna Mandal and Helmut Brandl* Institute of Evolutionary Biology and Environmental Studies, University of Zurich, SwitzerlandAbstract: Bioaerosols such as bacterial and fungal cells and their spores are -along with non-biological particles -part of indoor airborne particulate matter and have been related since a long time to health issues of human beings as well as flora, and fauna. To identify the different risks and to establish exposure thresholds, microbiology of air samples from a series of indoor environments must be characterized, i.e. the different microorganisms (bacteria and fungi) must be identified and quantified. This review discusses the techniques of air sampling and sample analysis. In addition, a literature study has been performed regarding the levels of these microorganisms in various indoor occupational (e.g., schools, offices, hospitals, museums) and dwelling environments. These results will provide a significant scientific basis for indoor air quality control and help in elaborating risk prevention programs for workers and dwellers. This review shall contribute to the knowledge of identification and quantification of airborne microbial constituents in various indoor environments. Combining the indoor microbial load data with data from studies focusing on health effects caused by inhalation of specific airborne microorganisms will allow the evaluation of various risks to which inhabitants are exposed.

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“…Bacterial concentrations typically range from 10 4 to 10 6 cells m Ϫ3 (28), though concentrations may be far higher in proximity to point sources such as compost facilities, feedlots, and wastewater treatment facilities (1,24,41). Recent evidence suggests that, even in some relatively unpolluted locations, bacteria or portions of bacteria may represent a major component of the organic aerosols residing in the atmosphere (22,44).…”

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confidence: 99%

Sources of Bacteria in Outdoor Air across Cities in the Midwestern United States

Bowers

Sullivan

Costello

et al. 2011

Appl Environ Microbiol

247

207

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Bacteria are abundant in the atmosphere, where they often represent a major portion of the organic aerosols. Potential pathogens of plants and livestock are commonly dispersed through the atmosphere, and airborne bacteria can have important effects on human health as pathogens or triggers of allergic asthma and seasonal allergies. Despite their importance, the diversity and biogeography of airborne microorganisms remain poorly understood. We used high-throughput pyrosequencing to analyze bacterial communities present in the aerosol fraction containing fine particulate matter of <2.5 m from 96 near-surface atmospheric samples collected from cities throughout the midwestern United States and found that the communities are surprisingly diverse and strongly affected by the season. We also directly compared the airborne communities to those found in hundreds of samples representing potential source environments. We show that, in addition to the more predictable sources (soils and leaf surfaces), fecal material, most likely dog feces, often represents an unexpected source of bacteria in the atmosphere at more urbanized locations during the winter. Airborne bacteria are clearly an important, but understudied, component of air quality that needs to be better integrated into efforts to measure and model pollutants in the atmosphere.Scientists have long known that bacteria are ubiquitous in the atmosphere. Bacterial concentrations typically range from 10 4 to 10 6 cells m Ϫ3 (28), though concentrations may be far higher in proximity to point sources such as compost facilities, feedlots, and wastewater treatment facilities (1,24,41). Recent evidence suggests that, even in some relatively unpolluted locations, bacteria or portions of bacteria may represent a major component of the organic aerosols residing in the atmosphere (22,44). Airborne bacteria can have important effects on human health and the productivity of managed and natural ecosystems. For example, bacteria can cause allergic asthma and seasonal allergies, diseases which are increasingly prevalent in developed nations (14, 35), with allergic asthma currently affecting millions of people in the United States (2). Likewise, important plant and livestock pathogens are dispersed through the atmosphere (20, 38) and there is some evidence that bacteria are capable of influencing atmospheric processes by initiating cloud condensation and ice nucleation events, potentially altering precipitation patterns (10, 34). Despite their abundance and likely importance, we have a limited understanding of the quantities and types of bacteria found in the atmosphere (45). With recent advances in high-throughput sequencing, we can now describe the dynamics of airborne bacterial populations (5, 7) and determine likely sources of bacteria in the atmosphere (6), building a more comprehensive understanding of those bacteria found in the atmosphere and the control of their populations.With the present study, we describe bacterial abundances and community composition in the near-surface a...

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Application of real-time PCR for total airborne bacterial assessment: Comparison with epifluorescence microscopy and culture-dependent methods

Cited by 50 publications

References 47 publications

Reliable Procedure for Molecular Analysis of Airborne Microflora in Three Indoor Environments: An Office and Two Different Museum Contexts

Reliable Procedure for Molecular Analysis of Airborne Microflora in Three Indoor Environments: An Office and Two Different Museum Contexts

Bioaerosols in Indoor Environment - A Review with Special Reference to Residential and Occupational Locations

Sources of Bacteria in Outdoor Air across Cities in the Midwestern United States

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