Application of Remote Sensing and Geographical Information System (GIS) in Flood Vulnerability Mapping: A Scenario of Akure South, Nigeria

Abstract

In flooding, dry land capable of residential, agricultural, and other economic activities is submerged by overflowing water. This causes loss of lives, properties, and destruction of infrastructure. This study applies remote sensing and GIS techniques to produce a flood vulnerability map of the Akure South metropolis. For this study, satellite image data (Landsat 8), location map of Akure South metropolis, SRTM DEM, rainfall data, soil data, and GPS coordinates; acquired during the field survey were integrated to map areas vulnerable to flooding. Using Pairwise Comparison, the various weights of factors constituting flood in the area were acquired. A weighted linear combination and analytical hierarchical process were used to produce the flood hazard and flood vulnerability map. ArcGIS Pro 2.7.3 software was used in spatial and attribute data acquisition, processing, and information presentation. The flood vulnerability results indicated that the very high vulnerability zone occupied 13.9% of the study area, while high vulnerability zone occupied 25.5%. Moderate vulnerability zone occupied 36.8% while low vulnerability zone occupied 23.8% of the study area. The study shows that, remote sensing and GIS can be effectively implemented to analyse and provide results on flood vulnerability required for prompt and effective decision-making on floods.

Real-time flood inundation monitoring in Capital of India using Google Earth Engine and Sentinel database

“…1805 crores to crops, houses and public utilities due to flooding and also an average of 140 million people affects annually (https://ndma.gov.in/). Rapidly growing / changing of land use pattern and environment, the inevitability of rising flood disaster underscores the crucial requirement for meticulous monitoring, assessment and delineation of highly vulnerable flood risk area to ensure effective flood mitigation in the future [20]- [22]. The extent of devastating urban floods depends on factors like heavy rainfall, flood depth, velocity, and duration.…”