Application of RT-PCR for diagnosis of respiratory syncytial virus and human metapneumovirus infections in Bulgaria, 2006-7 and 2007-8

Pavlova, S.-S.A.; Hadzhiolova, T.; Abadjieva, P; Kotseva, R.

doi:10.2807/ese.14.23.19233-en

Cited by 5 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a major cause of hospitalizations due to lower respiratory tract infections in children . Human metapneumovirus (hMPV) infections result in symptoms and sequelae similar to that of RSV and are typically seen in young children . Rhinovirus is a frequent cause of the “common cold” and is generally associated with mild upper respiratory tract infections …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…2,4 Human metapneumovirus (hMPV) infections result in symptoms and sequelae similar to that of RSV and are typically seen in young children. 5,6 Rhinovirus is a frequent cause of the "common cold" and is generally associated with mild upper respiratory tract infections. 7,8 Twenty-four English-and Dutch-speaking Caribbean countries report data to the Caribbean Epidemiology Centre (CAREC) 1 and most utilize the CAREC laboratory for testing services.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Distribution of influenza and other acute respiratory viruses during the first year after the 2009–2010 influenza pandemic in the English‐ and Dutch‐speaking Caribbean countries

Edwards

Boisson

Nathaniel-Girdharrie

et al. 2013

Influenza Resp Viruses

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BackgroundLimited specimen collection and testing for influenza occurred in the English and Dutch‐speaking Caribbean countries prior to the 2009/2010 influenza pandemic. Caribbean Epidemiology Centre (CAREC) member countries rapidly mobilized to collect specimens during the pandemic and a vast majority of confirmed cases during the pandemic period were influenza A(H1N1)pdm09.ObjectivesTo describe the aetiology and distribution of acute respiratory illness (ARI) among laboratory confirmed cases during the first year after the 2009/2010 influenza pandemic in the English‐ and Dutch‐speaking Caribbean.ResultsIn total, 774 specimens were tested and 394 (52.7%) cases had positive laboratory confirmation. Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) (28.4%) and influenza A(H3N2) (23.1%) were most frequently detected. RSV activity peaked in July 2011 while influenza A(H3N2) peaked in October 2010. Influenza was responsible for illness in greater numbers in persons 15–64 years while RSV was seen in primarily in children <5 years and adults >65 years. Other agents confirmed include rhinovirus (12.9%), influenza B (10.9%) and influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 (9.4%).ConclusionsRSV and influenza A(H3N2) were the most common viruses identified during the first year after the influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 pandemic. Influenza was detected every month with peak activity corresponding to that typically seen in North America (October to March). In order to determine the seasonality of influenza and RSV, laboratory data from subsequent years and increased specimen submission is needed.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Distribution of influenza and other acute respiratory viruses during the first year after the 2009–2010 influenza pandemic in the English‐ and Dutch‐speaking Caribbean countries

Edwards

Boisson

Nathaniel-Girdharrie

et al. 2013

Influenza Resp Viruses

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“…The hMPVpositive rate in this study was lower than that reported in Italy (9.3%), Spain (5.5%), Croatia (5.66%), Romania (12.5%), Belgium (7.3%), Norway (9.4%), the USA (6%), and India (5.11%) [21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28], but was higher than that in other studies in the USA (3.6%), Germany (3%), China (1.7%), Cambodia (1.7%), and Malaysia (2.2%) [29][30][31][32][33]. Earlier studies in Bulgaria reported a hMPV prevalence between 6.9 and 16% among children younger than 5 years [10,11]. The prevalence of hMPV infections varies in individual studies and countries because of differences in the population studied, methodology used, climate, and time period of the study [34].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 72%

“…Despite the important clinical significance of hMPV infection, information regarding the prevalence of hMPV in Bulgaria is currently limited. Previous studies examining circulation patterns of hMPV in Bulgaria have focused on the under-5 age-group, and data are absent for prevalence among patients over the entire age range and on the molecular epidemiology of this pathogen [10][11][12][13]. The aims of this study were to investigate the epidemiological and clinical characteristics of hMPV infections among patients from different age-groups over a 3-year period, and to perform a phylogenetic and amino acid sequence analysis of the F gene/protein of hMPV strains.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Prevalence and Genetic Characterization of Human Metapneumovirus in Bulgaria, 2016–2019

Korsun¹,

Angelova²,

Trifonova³

et al. 2021

Intervirology

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Introduction: We investigated the prevalence of human metapneumovirus (hMPV) among patients with acute respiratory infections in Bulgaria, and performed genetic characterization of the F gene of these strains. Methods: Nasopharyngeal swabs collected from patients of a range of ages were tested by using real-time PCR for 12 respiratory viruses. The F gene was sequenced, and phylogenetic and amino acid analyses of the F gene/protein were performed. Results: A total of 1,842 patients were examined during a 3-year period; 1,229 patients (66.7%) were positive for at least one respiratory virus. hMPV was identified in 83 (4.5%) patient samples. Eleven (13%) of hMPV-positive patients were coinfected with another respiratory virus. The hMPV incidence rate in the 2016/2017, 2017/2018, and 2018/2019 winter seasons was 5.4, 5.4, and 3.1%, respectively. hMPV was mainly detected in specimens collected between January and May (89.2% of cases). The incidence of hMPV infection was highest (5.1%) among the youngest age-group (0–4 years), where hMPV was a causative agent in 8.1 and 4.8% of bronchiolitis and pneumonia cases, respectively. Among the patients aged ≥5 years, hMPV was detected in 2.2 and 3.2% of cases of pneumonia and central nervous system infections, respectively. Phylogenetic analysis of the F gene showed that the sequenced hMPV strains belonged to the A2b, B1, and B2 genotypes. Numerous amino acid substitutions were identified compared with the NL00/1 prototype strain. Conclusion: This study revealed the significant role of hMPV as a causative agent of serious respiratory illnesses in early childhood, and also demonstrated year-to-year changes in hMPV prevalence and genetic diversity in circulating strains.

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“…Globally, RSV represents the major contributor to infant death in children worldwide [17]. An RSV wave starts in most countries in the Southern Hemisphere between March and June and in countries in the Northern Hemisphere between September and December [18][19][20][21][22]. A decrease in RSV activity was observed from August to October in the Southern Hemisphere and from February to May in the Northern Hemisphere [18][19][20][21][22].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of Respiratory Syncytial Virus in Pediatric Pneumonia

et al. 2020

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Respiratory viral infections represent the leading cause of hospitalization in infants and young children worldwide and the second leading cause of infant mortality. Among these, Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV) represents the main cause of lower respiratory tract infections (LRTIs) in young children worldwide. RSV manifestation can range widely from mild upper respiratory infections to severe respiratory infections, mainly bronchiolitis and pneumonia, leading to hospitalization, serious complications (such as respiratory failure), and relevant sequalae in childhood and adulthood (wheezing, asthma, and hyperreactive airways). There are no specific clinical signs or symptoms that can distinguish RSV infection from other respiratory pathogens. New multiplex platforms offer the possibility to simultaneously identify different pathogens, including RSV, with an accuracy similar to that of single polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in the majority of cases. At present, the treatment of RSV infection relies on supportive therapy, mainly consisting of oxygen and hydration. Palivizumab is the only prophylactic method available for RSV infection. Advances in technology and scientific knowledge have led to the creation of different kinds of vaccines and drugs to treat RSV infection. Despite the good level of these studies, there are currently few registered strategies to prevent or treat RSV due to difficulties related to the unpredictable nature of the disease and to the specific target population.

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Application of RT-PCR for diagnosis of respiratory syncytial virus and human metapneumovirus infections in Bulgaria, 2006-7 and 2007-8

Abstract: We describe here the results of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) detection by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction

Cited by 5 publications

References 32 publications

Distribution of influenza and other acute respiratory viruses during the first year after the 2009–2010 influenza pandemic in the English‐ and Dutch‐speaking Caribbean countries

Distribution of influenza and other acute respiratory viruses during the first year after the 2009–2010 influenza pandemic in the English‐ and Dutch‐speaking Caribbean countries

The Prevalence and Genetic Characterization of Human Metapneumovirus in Bulgaria, 2016–2019

Role of Respiratory Syncytial Virus in Pediatric Pneumonia

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