Application of seasonal freeze-thaw to pretreat raw material for accelerating green waste composting

Yu, Kun; Li, Suyan; Sun, Xiangyang; Cai, Linlin; Zhang, Pengfei; Kang, Youngjong; Yu, Zhihao; Tong, Jing; Wang, Lin

doi:10.1016/j.jenvman.2019.02.128

Cited by 36 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Composting is a well-established and widely accepted approach that involves the decomposition and transformation of organic biomass under the action of several microorganisms into humuslike material that has the ability to fertilize crops (Zhao et al, 2017;Sanchez-Monedero et al, 2018;Yu et al, 2019). The conversion of organic matter is carried out either in the presence of oxygen (erobic composting) or in the absence of oxygen (anaerobic digestion) (Mittal et al, 2018;Li et al, 2019;Rasapoor et al, 2020).…”

Section: Compostingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Solid Waste Management in Indian Himalayan Region: Current Scenario, Resource Recovery, and Way Forward for Sustainable Development

et al. 2021

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With the growing population, solid waste management (SWM) is becoming a significant environmental challenge and an emerging issue, especially in the eco-sensitive Indian Himalayan region (IHR). Though IHR does not host high local inhabitants, growing tourist footfall in the IHR increases solid wastes significantly. The lack of appropriate SWM facilities has posed a serious threat to the mountain-dwelling communities. SWM is challenging in the highlands due to the remoteness, topographical configuration, increasing urbanization, and harsh climate compared to plain areas. Difficulty in managing SWM has led to improper disposal methods, like open dumping and open burning of waste, that are adversely affecting the fragile IHR ecosystem. Open dumping of unsegregated waste pollutes the freshwater streams, and burning releases major pollutants often linked to the glacier melt. Processes like composting, vermicomposting, and anaerobic digestion to treat biodegradable wastes are inefficient due to the regions' extreme cold conditions. IHR specific SWM rules were revised in 2016 to deal with the rising problem of SWM, providing detailed criteria for setting up solid waste treatment facilities and promoting waste-to-energy (WtE). Despite governments' effort to revise SWM; measures like proper collection, segregation, treatment, and solid waste disposal needs more attention in the IHR. Door-to-door collection, segregation at source, covered transportation, proper treatment, and disposal are the primary steps to resource recovery across the IHR. Approaches such as waste recycling, composting, anaerobic digestion, refuse-derived fuel (RDF), and gas recovery from landfills are essential for waste alteration into valuable products initiatives like 'ban on single-use plastic' and 'polluters to pay' have a potential role in proper SWM in the IHR. Research and technology, capacity building, mass awareness programs, and initiatives like ‘ban on single-use plastic’ and ‘polluters to pay’ have a potential role in proper SWM in the IHR. This review highlights the current status of waste generation, the current SWM practices, and SWM challenges in the IHR. The review also discusses the possible resource recovery from waste in the IHR, corrective measures introduced by the government specific to IHR and, the way forward for improved SWM for achieving sustainable development of the IHR.

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Section: Compostingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Solid Waste Management in Indian Himalayan Region: Current Scenario, Resource Recovery, and Way Forward for Sustainable Development

et al. 2021

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“…During the process of composting the microbes rst utilized the hemicellulose as the source of energy than the microbes utilize the cellulose. The microbes degrade the hemicellulose more easily as compared to the cellulose (Yu et al, 2019). The initial presence of hemicellulose in combination in R1, R2, R3 and R4 was 17.21, 17.27, 17.45 and 17.31% which was reduced to 2.93, 2.20, 4.17, 4.21 and 6.17 % at the end of 45 days It was observed that the reduction of hemicellulose was more as compared to cellulose as shown in Fig 6 . The similar higher reduction of hemicellulose was reported by (Sarika et al, 2014).…”

Section: Cellulose Hemicellulose and Ligninmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of particle size on rotary drum composting of garden waste and their ranking using analytical hierarchy process

Mishra

Yadav

2021

Preprint

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Garden waste comprises of 15–18% fraction of total municipal solid waste generated. For composting of garden waste, particle size is an important factor for efficient degradation. The present study investigates role of varying particle size on compost quality. The garden waste was grinded using a shredder into varying size of particles, 0.5–1.5, 1.5-3.0, 3.0-4.5 and 4.5–7.5 cm diameter named as R1, R2, R3 and R4 respectively. 100 kg of garden waste mixed with 20 litre cow-dung slurry and 10 kg fresh compost and feed into the rotary drum for 45 days composting period. Thermophilic phase continued for 7, 8, 4 and 3 days in R1, R2, R3 and R4 reactor respectively. Total volatile solids reduction was 29.10, 31.20, 24.23 and 17.12 %, CO2 evolution rate was 4.92, 4.14, 6.18 and 8.16 mg/gVS/d, C/N ratio was 16.91, 15.05, 18.13 and 20.99, germination index was 92.00, 94.12, 85.21 and 81.20 in R1, R2, R3 and R4 reactor respectively after end of composting period. Reduction of hemicellulose, cellulose, and lignin was highest in R2 drum and lowest in R4. The percentage reduction of acid insoluble lignin was 36, 39, 29 and 27 % and the percentage reduction of acid soluble lignin was 48.85, 52.89, 43.39 and 36.97 % in combinations in R1, R2, R3 and R4 respectively after 45 days. As per analytical hierarchy process, performance of reactors was observed in the following trend, R2 > R1 > R3 > R4. Particle size range 1.5-3.0 cm diameter showed optimum size for efficient composting of garden waste.

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“…According to the methodology of Zhang and Sun [26], microbial biomass P was estimated based on the difference between TP in chloroform-fumigated vs. non-fumigated samples. The contents of lignin, cellulose, and hemicellulose were determined according to the method of Yu et al [27].…”

Section: Chemical Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Combined Addition of Bovine Bone and Cow Manure: Rapid Composting of Chestnut Burrs and Production of a High-quality Chestnut Seedling Substrate

Chen

Tian

et al. 2020

Agronomy

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In China, chestnut burrs (CB) are produced at a rate of a million tons per year as the major byproduct of chestnut orchards. It is necessary to utilize the chestnut forest green waste and convert it into a valuable seedling media for the sustainable cultivation of chestnut seedlings. In this study, we composted CB with two waste products of cattle farming, namely cow manure (CM) and bovine bone (BM). We also evaluated the potential of CB compost application in chestnut forest sustainability. Results indicated that the best combination was the addition of 15% BM and 55% CM. This combination significantly improved the composting environment by increasing pH, enhancing phosphorus concentration and mineral elements such as Ca, Na, Mg and Zn, and shortened the composting period to 38 days. This combination also resulted in the highest content of citric acid-P (109.20 times than the control treatment) and the lowest content of NH 4 + -N (0.28 times than control treatment) indicating a better N and P structure of the final compost product. This combination achieved a greater degradation rate of CB cellulose (61.45%), hemicellulose (37.87%), and a more significant degradation of outer epidermis structure. When CB compost was used as a growing media, a significant decrease in photosynthesis stress of chestnut seedlings was observed, which was mainly manifested as a decrease in photochemical quenching (qP) and an increase of the maximum efficiency of PSII photochemistry under dark-adaption (Fv/Fm). Addition of 10% CB compost (in volume basis) is suggested, which resulted in the tallest chestnut seedlings (59.83 cm) with a stem diameter of 0.91 cm after six months of growth. In summary, this research provides an environmentally friendly strategy for chestnut orchard sustainability: rapid composting of CB, then immediate application as a high-quality substrate for chestnut seedlings.Agronomy 2020, 10, 288 2 of 18 step for chestnut production. The popularization of burr removal equipment has resulted in the need for intensive management of CB. Due to CB recalcitrant biodegradability and knotty spicular structure, incineration is still the main method of dealing with CB waste [3,4]. Since CB, as FGW, is rich in organic matter and minerals, it is desirable to convert it into a high value byproduct such as compost.Composting is a popular and clean method to dispose of FGW [5]. Mature FGW compost has high porosity and high organic carbon content and can be utilized as a high-quality soil amendment [6]. Shrestha et al. [7] reported that the application of compost increased soil organic carbon content, reduced CO 2 and N 2 O emissions, and increased CH 4 uptake. Chehab et al. [8] indicated that the olive FGW compost amendment resulted in an increased performance in mature olive trees and in a maximum yield of photosystem II (Fv/Fm). Composting recycles organic matter, nitrogen, phosphorous, and mineral elements in the FGW when growing seedlings [9]. In a recent study, Shalizi et al. [10] increased the biomass of Eucalyptus bentham...

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Application of seasonal freeze-thaw to pretreat raw material for accelerating green waste composting

Cited by 36 publications

References 26 publications

Solid Waste Management in Indian Himalayan Region: Current Scenario, Resource Recovery, and Way Forward for Sustainable Development

Solid Waste Management in Indian Himalayan Region: Current Scenario, Resource Recovery, and Way Forward for Sustainable Development

Effect of particle size on rotary drum composting of garden waste and their ranking using analytical hierarchy process

Combined Addition of Bovine Bone and Cow Manure: Rapid Composting of Chestnut Burrs and Production of a High-quality Chestnut Seedling Substrate

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