In modern society, electronic devices such as computers have facilitated the resolution of numerous problems. However, these devices can only process digital signals, while the signals in the natural are predominantly analog. Consequently, Analog-to-Digital Converters (ADCs) and Digital-to-Analog Converters (DACs) have become important circuits that are widely employed in various fields such as industry, communication, healthcare, and energy. The research and development of ADCs and DACs have been recognized as significant research directions in the field of electronic engineering. This paper aims to delve into the fundamental principles, classifications, and applications of ADCs and DACs, providing valuable references and guidance for electronic engineers.