Application of the advanced lung cancer inflammation index for patients with coronavirus disease 2019 pneumonia: Combined risk prediction model with lung cancer inflammation index, computed tomography and chest radiograph

Abstract

The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the feasibility of applying the advanced lung cancer inflammation index (ALI) in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and to establish a combined ALI and radiologic risk prediction model for disease exacerbation. The present study included patients diagnosed with COVID-19 infection in our single institution from March to October 2020. Patients without clinical information and/or chest computed tomography (CT) upon admission were excluded. A radiologist assessed the CT severity score and abnormality on chest radiograph. The combined ALI and radiologic risk prediction model was developed via random forest classification. Among 79 patients (age, 43±19 years; male/female, 45:34), 72 experienced improvement and seven patients experienced exacerbation after admission. Significant differences were observed between the improved and exacerbated groups in the ALI (median, 47.6 vs. 13.2; P=0.011), frequency of chest radiograph abnormality (24.7 vs. 83.3%; P<0.001), and chest CT score (CCTS; median, 1 vs. 9; P<0.001). For the accuracy of predicting exacerbation, the receiver-operating characteristic curve analysis demonstrated an area under the curve of 0.79 and 0.92 for the ALI and CCTS, respectively. The combined ALI and radiologic risk prediction model had a sensitivity of 1.00 and a specificity of 0.81. Overall, ALI alone and CCTS alone modestly predicted the exacerbation of COVID-19, and the combined ALI and radiologic risk prediction model exhibited decent sensitivity and specificity.

The risk profile of patients with COVID-19 as predictors of lung lesions severity and mortality—Development and validation of a prediction model

“…The diagnostic role of chest computed tomography (CT) in assessing the severity of COVID-19 infection has already been highlighted. Previous studies investigated predictors of COVID-19 exacerbation according to chest CT scans and showed factors such as serum albumin, C reactive protein (CRP), and coronary plaque burden as predictors of COVID-19 outcomes ( Supplementary Table 1 ) (Arkoudis et al, 2022 ; Fukumoto et al, 2022 ; Inoue et al, 2022 ; Ke et al, 2022 ; Koch et al, 2022 ; Lu et al, 2022 ; Wang et al, 2022 ; Yang et al, 2022 ). However, these studies were limited by a low number of patients included, thus limited power to conclude.…”