Application of the BEM to chromium electroplating simulation and to identification of experimental polarisation laws

Druesne, Frédéric; Paumelle, P.; Villon, Pierre

doi:10.1016/s0955-7997(00)00048-5

Cited by 5 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…Then, a numerical model is designed in order to determine the real experimental polarisation law by correlating the distance between the working electrode and the reference electrode with the polarisation curve. As it is shown in [10], it is more convenient to measure with accuracy a polarisation law at a point that is not disturbed, and then approximate by numerical tools the polarisation law on the electrode, due to the impossibility to measure the potential gap on the interface of the deposition and the bath, where the chemical reaction takes place.…”

Section: Polarization Curvesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Boundary Element Method Applied to Electroforming Process

Hernández

Socas

Benítez

et al. 2014

MSF

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Elecform3DTMis a analysis and simulation tool of electroforming process, in order to facilitate design and manufacturing tasks. Electroforming is an electrolytic process that enables the manufacture of metallic parts with good mechanical properties with a high level of accuracy and reproducibility. In this process a thin metallic shell is deposited on a model part and later released from it. Distribution of deposited metal is not uniform due to current density distribution on the cathode. The results obtained with the first version of this product were very promising, and also indicated the need for a more precise analysis of electrochemical phenomena in this process.The methodology is based on the well-known potentials model of LaPlace, it enables deposited metal distribution prediction with high grade of precision, being experimentally validated with cathodic polarization curves. These boundary conditions at the electrodes serve to combine the existing electrical and chemical effects in the process. On the active surfaces of the electrodes the current density is a function of the nonlinear laws of polarization in the electrode-electrolyte interface. Analytically the resolution of these problems is totally unworkable, at least for real geometries, so it is used for solving the employment of numerical methods. The resolution has been considered using the boundary element method (BEM), because we are only interested in obtaining the solution on the surface of the cathode. Elecform3DTMis an important step beyond electroforming so far, and combined with almost all additive manufacturing 3D printer, is a cheaper alternative for high quality metallic parts manufacturing in comparison with other Rapid Manufacturing technologies.

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Section: Polarization Curvesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Boundary Element Method Applied to Electroforming Process

Hernández

Socas

Benítez

et al. 2014

MSF

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“…Industrial production requires coating on several parts in the same electrolytic tank. The main difficulty is to obtain a uniform deposit on each part and from part to part in order to satisfy tolerances assigned by the performance specification (Druesne et al, 2000). It is always good to apply uniform thickness of nickel on all significant surfaces to meet the plating specifications that require minimum coating thickness values at specified points on the surface.…”

Section: Metal Distributionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The properties and the effect of operating parameters on nickel plating (review)

Sadiku-Agboola¹,

Sadiku²,

Biotidara³

2012

Int. J. Phys. Sci.

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The energy required in an electroplating process and the material costs are important considerations in product manufacturing. The most important plating criteria, however, are quality and the uniformity of the deposited metals. The nickel plating process is used extensively for decorative, engineering, and electroforming purposes. Because of the appearance and other properties of the electrodeposited material, nickel deposition can be varied, over a wide range, by controlling the composition and the operating parameters of the plating solution. Decorative applications account for about 80% of the nickel consumed in plating; 20% is consumed for engineering and electroforming purposes. Autocatalytic (electroless) nickel plating processes are commercially important but are outside the scope of this review. In this review, the basic facts of nickel electroplating processes, thickness test and methods, are discussed. The properties of nickel and the different effects of the operating parameters on nickel plating, together with the simulation and design tools, are also reviewed. Simulation tools can help to obtain better plating results. Non-destructive techniques to evaluate the coatings on a microstructural and the technical evaluation with TEM, SEM, XRD and other techniques were also reviewed.

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“…22 A number of first-principles-based modeling methods have been introduced for characterizing various types of metal plating. [23][24][25] However, all the available models are steady state based, which are naturally incapable of describing time-variant changes about metal deposition and solution composition.…”

Section: General System Modelingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Note that the positive electrode (anode) can be either a metal, possibly impure, that is dissolved through chemical reactions into the solution in operation or a material that is not dissolved but is for the passage of the current, acting as an “inert” anode . A number of first-principles-based modeling methods have been introduced for characterizing various types of metal plating. − However, all the available models are steady state based, which are naturally incapable of describing time-variant changes about metal deposition and solution composition.…”

Section: General System Modelingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Integrated Electroplating System Modeling and Simulation for Near Zero Discharge of Chemicals and Metals

Telukdarie

Lou

et al. 2005

Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.

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The optimality of design and operation of an electroplating system determines largely coating quality, productivity, and waste reduction efficiency. Industrial practice shows that, in a usual operation, the solution loss from an electroplating unit through drag-out can be as high as 30% of overall consumption. This has dramatically increased operating cost as well as waste treatment cost. On the other hand, plating quality in terms of coating thickness on workpieces is always a concern in plants. To improve the economic and environmental performance, a key step is to have a deep understanding of the system. Model-based simulation has proven to be a costeffective approach along this venue. This paper introduces a fundamental-based general modeling methodology for characterizing an integrated electroplating system that consists of a plating unit and a solution recovery subsystem. The methodology allows detailed system analysis and complete process information integration, which will be crucial for optimal design and operation of a closed-loop electroplating for prevention of plating solution loss and assurance of coating thickness on workpieces. A case study on an alkali zinc electroplating system will demonstrate the efficacy of the model-based design and operation approach.

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Application of the BEM to chromium electroplating simulation and to identification of experimental polarisation laws

Cited by 5 publications

References 4 publications

Boundary Element Method Applied to Electroforming Process

Boundary Element Method Applied to Electroforming Process

The properties and the effect of operating parameters on nickel plating (review)

Integrated Electroplating System Modeling and Simulation for Near Zero Discharge of Chemicals and Metals

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