Application of the Frier Distributed Model for Estimating the Impact of Land use Changes on the Water Balance in Selected Basins in Slovakia

Abstract

In this study, the FRIER rainfall-runoff model with distributed parameters was developed to assess changes in runoff and water balance due to changes in land use and climate. The water balance was calculated at 3 levels: on the surface and in unsaturated and saturated zones. Six basins from the central and eastern parts of Slovakia were selected on the basis of their similar size, but different topography, land use, soil texture and climate: the upper Hornád, the upper Hron, the Poprad, the Rimava, the Slaná and the Torysa River basins. Model parameters were estimated using data from the period from June 1998 to May 2000 in daily time steps. The differences and similarities of the hydrologic processes in individual basins were investigated during the calibration period. Several scenarios of changes in land use and two simple scenarios of changes in climate were developed to estimate the impact of these changes on water balance and runoff. The changes in the hydrological regime were compared and discussed. V posledných rokoch sa veľmi často hodnotia a diskutujú vplyvy zmien využitia krajiny a klímy na procesy hydrologickej bilancie, aj keď miera ich vplyvu na hydrologický režim sa najmä pre komplexnosť týchto procesov veľmi ťažko kvantifikuje. Na odhad vplyvu zmien využitia krajiny a klímy na odtok a zložky hydrologickej bilancie bol vyvinutý zrážkovo-odtokový model FRIER s rozčlenenými parametrami. Na základe podobnej veľkosti, ale rôznej topografie, využitia krajiny a pôdnej štruktúry bolo vybraných šesť pilotných povodí: povodie horného Hornádu, horného Hrona, Popradu, Rimavy, Slanej a Torysy. Parametre modelu boli kalibrované pre obdobie jún 1998 -máj 2000 v dennom časovom kroku. Na základe simulácií hydrologickej bilancie pre súčasný stav sa hodnotili rozdiely a podobnosti procesov tvorby odtoku v jednotlivých povodiach. Odtok a zložky hydrologickej bilancie boli následne simulované pre sedem scenárov zmien využitia krajiny a dva jednoduché scenáre zmeny zrážok a teploty vzduchu. Zmeny odtoku a hydrologickej bilancie boli porovnané a diskutované.KĽÚČOVÉ SLOVÁ: zmena využitia krajiny, zrážkovo-odtokový model FRIER, priestorovo rozčlenené parametre, odtok a hydrologická bilancia.

Changes in the hydrological balance in the Litava river basin during the 90-years period 1931–2020

“…The hydrological balance of river basins in Slovakia has been addressed by a number of authors (e.g. Holko et al, 2001;Kostka and Holko, 2001;Majerčáková et al, 2004;Horvát et al, 2009;Pekárová et al, 2010;Porubská at al., 2012Porubská at al., , 2013Garaj et al, 2019;Keszeliová et al, 2021;Výleta et al, 2022). The most comprehensive hydrological balance for the period for 109 sub-basins in the entire Danube river basin was compiled by Petrovič et al (2006Petrovič et al ( , 2010.…”

The Impact of the Changes in Climate, Land Use and Direct Human Activity on the Discharge in Qingshui River Basin, China

“…Understanding the watershed hydrological process and its main driving factor is essential for water management. Due to climate change and human activity, watershed runoff has changed significantly in recent years [1][2][3][4][5][6][7]. Through the redistribution of precipitation and changes in temperature, climate variation may have a direct influence on runoff [8][9][10].…”

Short-time measurements of interception in mountain spruce forest

“…in hydrological modeling, understanding of runoff formation in the catchment, soil moisture distribution or erosion, the knowledge of interception in the short time intervals (during individual rainfalls) may be more important (e.g. Horvát et al, 2009). Since the longerterm values known from field measurements can not be directly used in such applications, interception modeling is necessary.…”