Application of the Gadidae Fish Processing Waste for Food Grade Gelatin Production

Abstract

Waste from fish cutting (heads, swim bladders, fins, skin, and bones) is a high-value technological raw material for obtaining substances and products with a wide range of properties. The possibility of using waste from cutting fish of the Gadidae family: the Alaska pollock (Gadus chalcogrammus) and the Pacific cod (Gadus macrocephalus), processed in the coastal zone, is scientifically substantiated. In this work, a technology has been developed for processing accumulated waste from fish cutting in order to obtain fish gelatin, which is characterized by high protein content (more than 80.0%) and a full set of essential and nonessential amino acids. We studied the quality of fish gelatin obtained from wastes from cutting the fish of the Gadidae family. The possibility of using fish gelatin as a component of fish products is shown; the dose of its introduction into the fish products is substantiated. The data obtained made it possible to recommend the use of fish processing waste products as a gelling component and a source of amino acids in multicomponent food systems.

Enzyme-Assisted Circular Additive Manufacturing as an Enabling Technology for a Circular Bioeconomy—A Conceptual Review

“…A total of 98% of the gelatin produced is obtained from this source [77]. Gelatine is also obtained from fish processing waste, although the proportion is significantly lower [78]. Other approaches involve the extraction of gelatine from leather waste, although the tanning residues significantly limit the range of applications [79].…”

An Isotonic Drink containing Pacific cod (<em>Gadus macrocephalus</em>) Processing Waste Collagen Hydrolysate for Prevention of Bone and Cartilage Disorders

“…Collagen content, or total content of collagen-derived amino acids (for collagen hydrolysate and drink samples), was determined as 7.4 × hydroxyproline content [13]. For hydroxyproline content determination, a homogenized sample (about 50 mg) was hydrolyzed by autoclaving in 1.0 mL of 6 M HCl in a sealed tube at 3.5 bar pressure for 3 h. One milliliter of 0.01 M CuSO4, 1 mL of 2.5 M NaOH, and 1 mL of 6% H2O2 were added into the sample tube and a blank tube with 1 mL of distilled water.…”

“…The quality parameters of the hydrolysate make it acceptable as a food or drink component [31]. Molecular weight distribution of the collagen hydrolysate being studied was typical for fish collagen enzymatic hydrolysate [13,32]. High content of amino acids makes the hydrolysate applicable as a protein food supply and a structure-forming food component due to presence of collagen fiber fragments.…”

“…Generally, only 30-50% of the fish wet weight is used in the production of fish fillets [12]. Fish processing waste is mostly used for fish meal or fish oil production, but it is a promising source of biologically active substances including collagen and its derivatives [13]. Pacific cod (Gadus macrocephalus) is one of the most captured fish species in Russia -427 600 tons were captured in 2021 [14].…”

Underused Marine Resources: Sudden Properties of Cod Skin Gelatin Gel

“…In recent years, there has been a significant increase in the production of gelatin from alternative sources, such as raw fish materials [7][8][9][10][11]. In addition to the well-known sociocultural and veterinary-sanitary aspects such as the current state of affairs, requirements for the rational utilization of waste from the fishing industry are the reasons for increased interest in fish gelatin study and applications [12][13][14][15]. The collagen molecule (tropocollagen) is a left-handed helix composed of three αchains linked by covalent bonds [16].…”