“…This definition portrays rating codes as tools designed to provide evidence-base for decision-making. Much of the literature on this topic focuses on effectiveness in terms of precision and reliability of results (Krizmane, 2016;Yu et al, 2015;Alyamia and Rezguib,, 2012;Menezes et al, 2012;Kajikawa, 2011;Mateus and Luís Bragança, 2011;Reijnders and van Roekel, 1999) or comparability across the different rating codes (Becchio et al, 2014;Cheng et al, 2017;Adegbile, 2013;Chew and Das, 2008;Crawley and Aho, 1999) in order to increase their effectiveness within the decision-making process. But only few studies (mentioned in the following sections) discuss fundamental shortcomings, which affect the capability of the impact assessment tool to meet its broader aim and point at the danger of relying on ratings that are merely predictive when taking decisions.…”