Application of the modified BET model to concentrated salt solutions with relatively high water activities: Predicting solubility phase diagrams of NaCl + H2O, NaCl + LiCl + H2O, and NaCl + CaCl2 + H2O

Rathgeber, Christoph; Hiebler, Stefan; Voigt, Wolfgang

doi:10.1016/j.calphad.2019.101633

Cited by 8 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…The adsorption and desorption curves were obtained under different pressures. The specific surface areas of specimens were calculated according to the Brunauer, Emmett and Teller (BET) [29] multilayer adsorption theoretical model, and the pore volumes of specimens were calculated using the Barrett, Joyner and Halenda (BJH) [30] aperture distribution theoretical model.…”

Section: Experimental Design and Stepsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluating Methane Adsorption Characteristics of Coal-Like Materials

Zhao

Liu

et al. 2020

Materials

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In order to investigate the methane adsorption characteristics of coal seam materials in a “solid–gas” coupling physical simulation experiment, activated alumina, silica gel, the 3Å molecular sieve, 4Å molecular sieve and 5Å molecular sieve were selected as adsorption materials. According to the pore structure and adsorption characteristics, coal samples at the Aiweiergou #1890 working face were prepared as compared materials. The WY-98A methane adsorption coefficient measuring instrument was used to carry out this adsorption experiment under different temperatures, particle sizes and moisture contents. The results suggested that the adsorption principles of three kinds of molecular sieves under multiple factors do not fully fit a Langmuir adsorption model, and cannot be used as adsorption materials. The changing trend of the adsorption increment of activated alumina and silica gel are similar to that of coal samples, so they can be used as a coal-like materials. The methane adsorption coefficient a value changing trends of activated alumina and silica gel appear to be the same as the Aiweiergou #1890 coal samples, but the results from silica gel are closer to that of coal samples. Thus, silica gel is preferred as the adsorption material. The result provides an experimental basis for the selection of methane-adsorbing materials and carrying out “solid–gas” coupling physical simulation experiments in a physically similar testing model.

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Section: Experimental Design and Stepsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluating Methane Adsorption Characteristics of Coal-Like Materials

Zhao

Liu

et al. 2020

Materials

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“…Water activity measurements in the past have been utilized to study systems of biological importance using similar water uptake measurement tools. , Additionally, water activity measurements have also been used to investigate interactions in ternary systems and its effects on the solute solubilities. Previous work has shown that the presence of other solutes affects the solubility of individual solute species. ,− Quantifying the water activity of individual salts in water is an essential step in understanding the complex aqueous solution behavior of solute mixtures. The process can be repeated for more complex systems that can account for multiple solutes, different pH, phases, and sizes, provided that individual components have been well studied and quantified for their water activity values.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Toward an Understanding of Uric Acid Particle Dissolution: Surface and Bulk-Driven Water Activity

Rastogi,

Gohil,

Malek

et al. 2024

J. Phys. Chem. A

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Uric acid particles contribute to kidney stones, and natural processes for the elimination of stones depend on solute−solvent interactions. The process of uric acid dissolution has previously been understood via the lens of solubility; however, for pure and mixed salt solutions, these approaches do not provide a comprehensive picture of nanoscale particle solution thermodynamics. Unlike solubility measurements, water activity measurements provide us with information about the chemical potential responsible for the migration of water molecules driving the dissolution of particles. In this work, we used in situ experimental tools to estimate water activity values for pure uric acid aqueous droplets at different stages of droplet growth. The process of cloud formation, i.e., water condensation on a solute particle resulting in aqueous droplet formation, was leveraged to compare the water affinity for nanosized uric acid particles with a well-studied inorganic salt, sodium chloride. Specifically, we investigated microscopic uric acid particles (nanoparticles <300 nm, amorphous and super micron particles >5 μm, crystalline) and the mechanism of water uptake. The growth of droplet volume (Growth Factor, GF) for uric acid particles is experimentally observed for supermicrometer crystalline particles (>1 μm) at subsaturated humidity conditions (<100% RH). In addition, the water activity of submicrometer-size uric acid particles is estimated under subsaturated and supersaturated humidity conditions. These measurements provide us with information about the volume growth of droplets as water condenses in particles exposed to different humidity conditions. Our observations under subsaturated humidity conditions show that the uric acid particles have limited volume growth (<1% change per volume and <10% change per volume for crystalline and amorphous measurement, respectively). From the experimental data, the affinity of uric acid solute with water as a solvent is quantified in terms of water activity.

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“…With the in-depth study of the phase equilibria, Yang et al (2010Yang et al ( , 2011 specifically studied the solid-liquid phase equilibria of the ternary system NaCl-CaCl 2 -H 2 O at 323.15 K and 348.15 K. It was found that there were large differences in the content of the components in the system at different temperatures, and the co-saturation point was shifted. Rathgeber et al (2019) enriched the phase equilibrium data of brines by studying the solubility phase diagram of the NaCl-CaCl 2 -H 2 O system in the undersaturated range. Lu et al (2017) studied the solubility of sodium salt systems in multiple temperature ranges and found that the solubility of NaSO 4 in coal chemical wastewater was greater in low-temperature environments than in pure water.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Scaling trend of coal chemical saline wastewater in falling film evaporator: experimental solid–liquid equilibrium and numerical simulation

Liu

et al. 2022

Water Supply

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It was important to master firstly scaling mechanism to slow down scaling, which was one of the important problems faced by saline wastewater treatment with falling film evaporators. In this paper, the phase equilibrium data of ternary system NaCl-CaCl2-H2O at 303.15–373.15 K were measured, and the prediction of the flow characteristics and scaling tendency of salt-containing wastewater in the evaporation tube was investigated by numerical simulation based on the phase equilibrium results. The results showed that the mesostable phase diagram of the ternary system was of simple type, and w(NaCl) and w(CaCl2) showed regular variation with temperature when w(NaCl) in the system was 15–28%. Moreover, the components of the four saline wastewaters (10% NaCl + 9, 10, 11, 12% CaCl2) with less salt content had a faster heating and a faster rate of evaporation of the liquid film in the evaporation tube. Based on the solubility in the experiments and simulations, it was concluded that NaCl crystals were precipitated at tube lengths of 718 mm, 942 mm, 966 mm, and 1,000 mm for four salt concentrations in the evaporation process by comparison, and the reliability of the predicted loci was also demonstrated by a falling film evaporation experimental setup.

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Application of the modified BET model to concentrated salt solutions with relatively high water activities: Predicting solubility phase diagrams of NaCl + H2O, NaCl + LiCl + H2O, and NaCl + CaCl2 + H2O

Cited by 8 publications

References 28 publications

Evaluating Methane Adsorption Characteristics of Coal-Like Materials

Evaluating Methane Adsorption Characteristics of Coal-Like Materials

Toward an Understanding of Uric Acid Particle Dissolution: Surface and Bulk-Driven Water Activity

Scaling trend of coal chemical saline wastewater in falling film evaporator: experimental solid–liquid equilibrium and numerical simulation

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