Application of the Monoclonal Antibody Ki-67 on Prostate Biopsies to Assess the Proliferative Cell Fraction of Human Prostatic Carcinoma

Abstract

The feasibility of using the monoclonal antibody Ki-67 as a proliferation marker in human prostatic carcinoma was studied on aspiration and core biopsy specimens obtained from 50 patients suspected of having prostate cancer. In 32 prostatic adenocarcinomas the Ki-67 index varied from 0.3 to 13.3% (mean 4.3) in cytological smears and from 0.8 to 17.8% (mean 5.1) in frozen sections from histological core biopsies. No significant correlation between the percentage of cells positive for Ki-67 and the histological tumor differentiation could be established. In 18 patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia the Ki-67 index varied from 0 to 3.0% (mean 1.2) and from 0 to 3.8% (mean 1.4) in cytological and histological material, respectively. The differences in the observed Ki-67 index between benign and malignant prostatic tissues are of statistical (p less than 0.001) and of clinical significance. Nine patients who underwent endocrine treatment or radiotherapy entered a followup protocol in which the Ki-67 staining procedure was applied to periodically obtained cytological aspiration biopsies. During month 1 after the start of therapy a statistically significant (p less than 0.05) decrease in the Ki-67 index to 58% of the initial values was found, while at 2 and 3 months the proliferative fraction showed a further decrease to 27 and 7%, respectively. As a marker, the monoclonal antibody Ki-67 was shown to provide a reliable method to estimate the proliferative cell fraction of human prostate cancer.

Ki-67 and outcome in clinically localised prostate cancer: analysis of conservatively treated prostate cancer patients from the Trans-Atlantic Prostate Group study

“…Since the initial studies showing the utility and feasibility of immunochemistry on paraffin-embedded formalin-fixed urological material (Fontana et al, 1987), Ki-67 was shown to be an interesting marker in prostate cancer at an early stage (Oomens et al, 1991;McLoughlin et al, 1993). It has been investigated on TURP material (Feneley et al, 1996), biopsy material (Szende et al, 1999;Cowen et al, 2002;Ojea et al, 2004) and radical prostatectomy series (Bettencourt et al, 1996;Moul, 1999;Zudaire Bergera et al, 2000;Inoue et al, 2005) in large screening programmes (Laurila et al, 2009) and after radiation therapy .…”

Angiogenesis, p53, <i>bcl-2</i> and Ki-67 in the Progression of Prostate Cancer after Radical Prostatectomy

“…As a marker, the monoclonal antibody to Ki-67 antigen has been shown to provide a reliable method of estimating cellular proliferation correlating well with uptake of bromodeoxyuridine (BrdUrd) and thymidine labeling [37]. Statistically significant differences between mean Ki-67 indices of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and CaP have uniformly been reported [38, 39, 40, 41]. Previous studies of Ki-67 antigen staining in CaP have shown a variable relationship with tumor stage and grade.…”

Expression of proliferation associated antigens in the cell cycle of synchronized mammalian cells

“…They include markers such as PCNA (8,9,31,33,37), Ki67 (35,36) (42). In addition, in studies involving solid tumors (including breast, colon, lung, kidney, ovary, skin and stomach), PCNA positivity has been found to correlate with mitotic activity and tumor grade (40).…”