The interaction of a Rayleigh pulse with a circular cavity and circular inclusion has been examined employing dynamic photoelasticity. The explosively generated R-pulse travels along the free boundary and is trapped in the ligament between the cavity and the free boundary with little energy propagating around the cavity. For cavities and inclusions at shallow depth below the free surface failure of the ligament occurs and most of the energy associated with the incident R-wave is converted b y diffraction into body and surface waves. The existence of a shadow zone on the downstream side of the circular cavity provides a means of identifying the location of the cavity which is nearly tangent to the surface b y e.g. ultrasonic inspection.