Application of the Preferential Solvation Viscosity Model to Binary Liquid Mixtures: Aqueous, Nonaqueous, Ionic Liquid, and Deep Eutectic Solvent Systems

Abstract

The preferential solvation (PS) viscosity model was used to correlate binary liquid viscosities of aqueous, nonaqueous, nonpolar–polar, molecular solvent–ionic liquid (IL), and molecular solvent–deep eutectic solvent mixtures for the purpose of determining local composition in the chemical systems and analysis of chemical phenomena. Lignin solubility in aqueous systems was directly proportional to the population of (1–2) complex molecules. Cellulose solubility in molecular solvent–IL mixtures was directly proportional to the population of (2–2) associated molecules. Local compositions determined from the PS viscosity model were able to be used to estimate mixture solvent polarity and the variation of carbazole selectivity in crude anthracene separations. The PS viscosity model applied to chromatography allowed estimation of appropriate bulk composition regions for separations. Local compositions determined from the PS viscosity model can be used to analyze a wide variety of chemical phenomena in liquid solvent mixtures.

Viscosity Investigations on the Binary Systems of (1 ChCl:2 Ethylene Glycol) DES and Methanol or Ethanol

“…The behavior of viscosity with respect to temperature was modeled by an Arrhenius-like model at each investigated composition. Furthermore, the behavior of viscosity as functions of both composition and temperature was modeled by the four models of Grunberg–Nissan [ 20 ], Jouyban–Acree [ 21 ], McAllister [ 22 ], and Preferential Solvation [ 23 , 24 ]. The results were reliable, with AARD% values of 7.08, 2.31, 4.81, and 2.61% for the Ethaline + methanol system and 5.66, 2.41, 4.38, and 3.95% for the Ethaline + ethanol system, according to the Grunberg–Nissan, Jouyban–Acree, McAllister, and Preferential Solvation models, respectively.…”

“… Comparison of the behavior of the Grunberg–Nissan [ 20 ], Jouyban–Acree [ 21 ], McAllister [ 22 ], and Preferential Solvation [ 23 , 24 ] models with respect to the experimental trend for the system of Ethaline (1 ChCl:2 ethylene glycol) + ethanol at various temperatures and at a pressure of 100 kPa. (Grunberg–Nissan ( --- ), Jouyban–Acree ( ―•• ), McAllister ( ― ), Preferential Solvation ( ••• ), Experimental data ( o )).…”

“…Therefore, in this study, the viscosity behavior of Ethaline (1 ChCl:2 ethylene glycol), as one of the less viscous and most commonly used DESs, is determined experimentally in mixtures with the two common alcohols of methanol and ethanol over the temperature range of 283.15–333.15 K and at atmospheric pressure. Then, the four well-established models of Grunberg–Nissan [ 20 ], Jouyban–Acree [ 21 ], McAllister [ 22 ] and Preferential Solvation [ 23 , 24 ] were developed according to the experimental measurements. These models can then be considered as practical engineering tools to estimate the viscosities of the investigated mixtures at any composition desired.…”

“…The optimized values of adjustable parameters and AARD% values for the Grunberg-Nissan[20], Jouyban-Acree[21], McAllister[22], and Preferential Solvation[23,24] models for viscosity estimation of Ethaline (1 ChCl:2 ethylene glycol) + methanol/ethanol systems at a pressure of 100 kPa.…”

Aqueous mixture viscosities of phenolic deep eutectic solvents

“…Therefore, in this study, in order to expand the viscosity databank, as well as our knowledge on the molecular interactions of phenolic DESs, experimental viscosity measurements were carried out on aqueous mixtures of two phenolic DESs, namely ChCl + phenol (1:3) and ChCl + phenol (1:4) over the temperature range of 293.15-333.15 K. The achieved results were analyzed regarding the molecular interactions between the DES and water molecules. Also, according to the measured experimental data, the four different models of Grunberg-Nissan [30], Jouyban-Acree [31], McAllister [32] and Preferential Solvation [33,34] were developed to have estimation tools for calculating the viscosity at any desired composition.…”