Application of the Schmidt-hammer for relative-age dating of glacial and periglacial landforms in the Cantabrian Mountains (NW Spain)

Santos-González, Javier; González-Gutiérrez, R.B.; Gómez-Villar, A.; Peña-Pérez, S.A.; Melón-Nava, A.; Pisabarro, A.; Redondo-Vega, J.M.

doi:10.1016/j.geomorph.2024.109210

Geomorphology

2024

DOI: 10.1016/j.geomorph.2024.109210

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Application of the Schmidt-hammer for relative-age dating of glacial and periglacial landforms in the Cantabrian Mountains (NW Spain)

Javier Santos-González,

R.B. González-Gutiérrez,

A. Gómez-Villar

et al.

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Cited by 3 publications

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Periglacial landforms on Mount Çadır and their effects on soil formation, NE Türkiye

Dede,

Dengiz,

Demirağ Turan

et al. 2024

Med. Geosc. Rev.

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Periglacial landforms on Mount Çadır and their effects on soil formation, NE Türkiye

Dede,

Dengiz,

Demirağ Turan

et al. 2024

Med. Geosc. Rev.

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Schmidt-hammer exposure-age dating of talus slopes in upper Jostedalen, southern Norway: Interpreting the age and development of diachronous surfaces

Matthews,

Mourne

2024

The Holocene

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Schmidt-hammer exposure-age dating (SHD) was used to evaluate the surface age, dynamics and evolution of eight talus (scree) slopes located between ~520 and ~1010 m a.s.l. in the upper Jostedalen area of southern Norway. Statistically significant differences in mean R-values were found between talus slopes but there was no consistent difference in R-values between three mid- to lower-slope positions, two operators, or first and second impacts from the same boulders. A new regional age-calibration equation yielded SHD ages ranging from 8425 ± 700 years to 2620 ± 740 years. SHD ages from talus slopes and other landforms with diachronous surfaces (such as alluvial fans, snow-avalanche fans, pronival ramparts and rock glaciers) represent the average exposure age of the surface boulders and provide insights into landform evolution. Here, our SHD ages are interpreted in terms of Early Holocene paraglacial rock-slope instability, Mid-Holocene permafrost degradation, low but possibly variable rates of rockfall activity in the Late-Holocene, and spatial variations affected by local site differences. Survival of rock particles with relatively old exposure ages towards the distal margins of the talus slopes is attributed to their slow development with low levels of modern activity. SHD ages from diachronous surfaces may considerably underestimate landform age (defined as the onset of landform formation). Greater application can be anticipated, however, in the inference of landform dynamics from the R-value distributions of diachronous surfaces and in the use of SHD age as an indicator of the extent of modern activity.

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Improved chronological constraints for Holocene rock glacier activity in the Ben Ohau Range, Southern Alps/New Zealand

Winkler

2024

The Holocene

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Schmidt-hammer exposure-age dating (SHD) was applied to selected rock glaciers in the south central Ben Ohau Range, Southern Alps, New Zealand, to expand the available regional data set following a previous pilot study. Additional SHD-sampling was conducted on high-altitudinal moraines at two locations with published cosmogenic 10Be surface-exposure ages and utilised to establish a new regional SHD-age calibration equation. SHD-age estimates available for a total of eight rock glaciers and based on >16,000 sampled boulders were analysed in a chronological, morphodynamic, and palaeoclimatic context. SHD-age estimates for initiation of rock glacier formation indicated by the age of their respective frontal ridges spread between 12.1 ± 1.6 and 7.2 ± 0.8 ka with a cluster of four individual features between 9.3 and 8.6 ka. Activity at some rock glaciers commenced immediately after local deglaciation and all are considerably older than previously anticipated. Successive transverse ridges dated on the rock glaciers reveal a clear general trend of increasing age with increasing distance from the rooting zone. This reflects conveyor-like transport of boulders in predominantly stable position on the surface. The SHD-age estimates of the ridges themselves are interpreted as morphological evidence for phases of strong morphodynamic activity connected to cold periods and increased debris supply by climate-driven frost weathering. All investigated rock glaciers show a climax of such activity during the Early Holocene. After c. 7.0 ka such phases became less frequent and subsequently rare during the Late-Holocene. These newly obtained chronological constraints for rock glacier activity are discussed in the context of related palaeoclimatic conditions and their potential to complement the hitherto limited regional palaeoclimatic records for the Early Holocene based on glacial activity.

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Application of the Schmidt-hammer for relative-age dating of glacial and periglacial landforms in the Cantabrian Mountains (NW Spain)

Cited by 3 publications

References 90 publications

Periglacial landforms on Mount Çadır and their effects on soil formation, NE Türkiye

Periglacial landforms on Mount Çadır and their effects on soil formation, NE Türkiye

Schmidt-hammer exposure-age dating of talus slopes in upper Jostedalen, southern Norway: Interpreting the age and development of diachronous surfaces

Improved chronological constraints for Holocene rock glacier activity in the Ben Ohau Range, Southern Alps/New Zealand

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