“…Due to the fact that ground motion prediction always associates significant uncertainty, Bayesian learning framework (Bishop, ; Beck, ) is introduced in the study to provide a rigorous solution for uncertainty quantification for both parametric level (learning within a model class;) (Papadimitriou and Papadimitriou, ; Sun et al., ; Yuen and Kuok, ) and model class level (learning with a set of model classes;) (Adeli and Panakkat, ; Ching and Wang, ; Cheung and Beck, ; Huang et al., ; Kuok et al., ; Yuen and Mu, ). The framework has been developed and applied to different areas such as earthquake engineering (Zhou and Adeli, ; Sirca and Adeli, ; Panakkat and Adeli, , ), instrument defect detection (Castillo et al., ; Wang et al., ; Yin et al., ), structural dynamics (Ching et al., ; Lam et al., ; Lei et al., ; Lei et al., ; Sun and Betti, ), structural identification, and health monitoring (Jiang et al., ; Simoen et al., ; Spackova and Straub, ; Yuen and Katafygiotis, ).…”