“…Many types of spatially adaptive approaches exist: (1) h methods, which refine the mesh while maintaining fixedorder approximations [46,84,74]; (2) p methods, which change the order of the approximation over elements while maintaining the same mesh pattern [92,5,22]; (3) r methods, which relocate a fixed number of grid points over the domain to minimize an error measure [24]; and (4) m methods, which switch spatial approximation methods in different regions to achieve improved performance [41,39]. Combinations of these methods are also common, such as rh methods [66,82], mh methods [39,20], and hp methods [44,80,85,9,53].…”