Application, Synthesis, and Characterization of Cationic Galactomannan from Ruderal Species as a Wet Strength Additive and Flocculating Agent

Abstract

There has been a cumulative interest across the globe in substituting the synthetic materials with sustainable, economical, and biobased green alternatives for utilization in diverse industrial applications. Galactomannans are among the most important sustainable, biodegradable macromolecules abundantly produced by plants, which can be exploited for a range of end-use applications. Functionalization of the galactomannans may improve the physicochemical properties for diverse industrial applications. In the present study, the cationic derivative of Cassia tora gum, a 1:5 galactomannan, was synthesized under heterogeneous alkaline conditions using CHPTAC. The effect of each reaction parameter on the degree of substitution (DS) was investigated using Taguchi L 16 orthogonal array. The optimized cationic product with DS 0.28 showed promising results as a biopolymeric flocculant for wastewater treatment and as a wet strength additive for improving the physical strength of paper prepared from old corrugated carton for its recycling. The optimized product was characterized by advanced spectroscopic methods.

Efficient Synthesis of Quaternised Guar Gum using Tri‐alkylamine and Epichlorohydrin Condensate by Taguchi L9 Orthogonal Array

“…The 1 H‐NMR spectrum of guar and derivatized guar gum showed characteristic chemical shifts clustered between δ 3.2 ppm to 4 ppm for ring protons of mannose/galactose units simultaneously. The 1 H‐NMR spectrum of quaternized guar gum indicated the presence of an additional signal at δ 3.06 ppm (as a sharp singlet) corresponding to the methyl protons of quaternary ammonium [−N + (CH 3 ) 3 ] groups, thereby confirming the incorporation of quaternizing moiety as trimethyl ammonium group in the galactomannan chain [31,43,44] …”

Opportunity of Non-Wood Forest Products in Biocomposites

“…Reviews and chemical methods have been reported in the past to increase the functional behaviour of hydroxyl groups present in the polysaccharides. These methods have their own limitations for particular industrial aspects and are used for diverse industrial applications [83][84][85][86][87][88][89][90][91][92][93][94]. Mercerization, benzoylation, acrylation, acrylonitrile grafting, permanganate treatment, peroxide treatment, and isocyanate treatment, bleaching, acetylation, silane and peroxide treatments, etherifications viz.…”

Materials and Society: Functional Chemicals and Materials in Banknote and Security Paper

“…12 Consequently, researchers are searching for wet-strength agents with comparable properties to PAE that have less environmental impact and pose fewer health risks. 13 In addition to wet-strength chemicals themselves, internal sizing agents are also utilized to modify the fiber surface. Some of these agents allow for control of the liquid permeability, and dry-strength agents can be added to improve paper strength.…”

“…Moreover, the resulting paper becomes nonbiodegradable and nonrecyclable when too much PAE is used . Consequently, researchers are searching for wet-strength agents with comparable properties to PAE that have less environmental impact and pose fewer health risks …”