Application Value of Serum TK1 and PCDGF, CYFRA21-1, NSE, and CEA plus Enhanced CT Scan in the Diagnosis of Nonsmall Cell Lung Cancer and Chemotherapy Monitoring

Abstract

Objective. To assess the application value of serum thymidine kinase 1 (TK1) and PC cell-derived growth factor (PCDGF), cytokeratin 19 fragment 21-1 (CYFRA21-1), neuron-specific enolase (NSE), and carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) plus enhanced CT scan in the diagnosis of nonsmall cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and chemotherapy monitoring. Methods. Between April 2019 and April 2021, 30 patients with NSCLC assessed for eligibility treated in our institution were included in the experimental group, and 30 healthy individuals screened out from physical examinations were recruited in the control group. The chemotherapy regimens included gemcitabine plus cisplatin, pemetrexed disodium plus cisplatin, and vinorelbine plus cisplatin. The application value of serum TK1, PCDGF, CYFRA21-1, NSE, CEA, and enhanced CT scan in the diagnosis and chemotherapy monitoring of NSCLC was analyzed. Results. Before treatment, the eligible patients had significantly higher serum levels of TK1, PCDGF, CYFRA21-1, NSE, and CEA than those of the healthy individuals included ( P < 0.05 ). Clinical efficacy was categorized into good and poor, and the good efficacy included complete response and partial response, with the poor efficacy including stable disease and progressive disease. Patients with good clinical efficacy had lower levels of serum TK1, PCDGF, CYFRA21-1, NSE, and CEA than those with poor efficacy ( P < 0.05 ). Joint detection showed a larger area under the curve (AUC) (0.900; 95%CI, 0.812-0.988), a higher sensitivity, and a superior detection outcome to the stand-alone detection ( P < 0.05 ). Diagnostic results were similar between joint detection and pathological examination ( P > 0.05 ). Conclusion. The application of serum TK1, PCDGF, CYFRA21-1, NSE, and CEA assay plus enhanced CT scan shows high sensitivity and diagnostic accuracy in the diagnosis and chemotherapy monitoring of nonsmall cell lung cancer and thus provides a diagnostic reference basis.

Preoperative diagnosis of solitary pulmonary nodules with a novel hematological index model based on circulating tumor cells

“…TK1 is strongly associated with DNA synthesis and cell proliferation and has demonstrated high diagnostic value in NSCLC. The serum levels of TK1 in NSCLC patients were higher than those of healthy individuals, and the AUC value was 0.667 ( 32 ), which is a promising biomarker for lung cancer.…”

Reference intervals of Cyfra21-1 and CEA in healthy adult Han Chinese population

“…Interestingly, Cyfra21-1 represents a common tumor biomarker not only in lung cancer but also in gastrointestinal tumors and even severe alcoholic hepatitis [ 7 ]. Given their significance, researchers have increasingly focused on investigating the role of Cyfra21-1 in the diagnosis and prognosis of non-small cell lung cancer in recent years [ 6 , 8 , 9 ]. On the other hand, the carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) family, consisting of 34 genes, initially known as biomarkers for colorectal cancer, has also been employed for lung cancer detection alongside other biomarkers such as Cyfra21-1.…”

Clinicopathological characteristics correlated with programmed cell death-ligand 1 expression in advanced lung adenocarcinoma

“…It is reported that serum tumor markers (STMs) such as carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), neuron specific enolase (NSE), and cytokeratin 19 fragment (CY21-1) have been widely used as predictors to reflect the efficacy of chemotherapy or targeted therapy in NSCLC patients ( 20 - 22 ) and may be related to the prognosis of NSCLC patients ( 23 - 25 ). However, few studies have been reported on biomarkers that can be used to predict the expression of PD-L1 in tumor tissues.…”