Applications and prospects of functional oligosaccharides in pig nutrition: A review

Liu, Nian; Shen, Haibo; Zhang, Fan; Liu, Xiang; Xiao, Qinrui; Jiang, Qian; Tan, Bin; Ma, Xiaokang

doi:10.1016/j.aninu.2023.02.002

Cited by 17 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 96 publications

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“…The structure and function of the digestive tract are different in different physiological stages of animals. It was indicated that for growing–finishing pigs, which have strong immune systems and better health status, adding oligosaccharide to their diets will not show many beneficial effects [ 23 ]. It is easier for weaned piglets with a developing immune system and unstable intestinal microflora to get sick, and the main reason for diarrhea is the increase in pathogenic bacteria, so adding functional oligosaccharides after weaning can achieve a better effect [ 23 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This is not consistent with the impact of xylo-oligosaccharides [26] and isomalto-oligosaccharides [27] on weaned pigs. This could be attributed to the different types of oligosaccharides used, as the effects of different types of functional oligosaccharides in animals are not the same [23]. To better understand the specific changes in the microbial community, the taxonomic composition of different groups was examined (Figure 6).…”

Section: The Gut Microbiota Composition and Structurementioning

confidence: 99%

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Simulated Swine Digestion and Gut Microbiota Fermentation of Hydrolyzed Copra Meal

Rungruangsaphakun,

Ayimbila,

Nakphaichit

et al. 2024

Animals

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This study aimed to compare the effects of hydrolyzed copra meal (HCM) inclusion at 1% on its in vitro digestibility and the microbiota and cecum fermentation using the gut microbiota of weaned swine, targeting microbial community and short-chain fatty acids (SCF). For this reason, three treatments were considered: control (no copra meal), 1% non-hydrolyzed copra meal (CM), and 1% HCM. Non-defatted copra meal was hydrolyzed and analyzed (reducing sugars and total carbohydrates) in our laboratory. For digestion, microbiota identification, and fermentation assays, fresh fecal samples from two weaned pigs (1 month old) were used. Three replicates of each treatment were employed. HCM was more digestible, with approximately 0.68 g of hydrolysate recovered after simulated digestion compared to 0.82 g of hydrolysate recovered from CM. This was shown by Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) images. Also, the three swine shared the majority of microbial species identified at the phylum and family levels. There were no differences (p > 0.05) between treatments in the microbial community and SCFA during fermentation. However, higher Chao-1 and Shannon indexes were observed in CM and HCM treatments. HCM was also found to be capable of preserving Actinobacterota and Proteobacteria at the phylum level, while at the family level, both treatments may help Lactobacillaceae, Peptostreptococcaceae, Lachnospiraceae, and Ruminococcaceae survive in the long term. Also, there was a potential trend of increasing acetic acid and butyric acid in the CM and HCM treatments. While HCM shows promise in potentially modulating the gut microbiota of weaned swine, additional research is required to investigate the effects of higher doses of HCM on swine performance parameters.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: The Gut Microbiota Composition and Structurementioning

confidence: 99%

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Simulated Swine Digestion and Gut Microbiota Fermentation of Hydrolyzed Copra Meal

Rungruangsaphakun,

Ayimbila,

Nakphaichit

et al. 2024

Animals

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“…They can be broadly categorized into common oligosaccharides and functional oligosaccharides based on their biological functions. Common oligosaccharides mainly include lactose, sucrose, and maltose, which are easily digested and absorbed by the intestinal tract and thereby provide energy for the body’s metabolism, growth, and development ( Vieira et al, 2020 ; Liu et al, 2023 ). Functional oligosaccharides, also known as non-digestible oligosaccharides, are difficult to digest and absorb because of the lack of an enzyme system in the human intestinal tract that directly degrades these functional oligosaccharides.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Whole-genome resequencing and transcriptional profiling association analysis revealed the intraspecies difference response to oligosaccharides utilization in Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis

Lan,

Zhang,

et al. 2024

Front. Microbiol.

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IntroductionAs prebiotics, oligosaccharides are frequently combined with Bifidobacterium to develop synbiotic products. However, a highly diverse gene repertoire of Bifidobacterium is involved in sugar catabolism, and even phylogenetically close species may differ in their sugar utilization capabilities. To further explore the mechanism underlying the differences in Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis oligosaccharide metabolism.MethodsThis study screened strains with differential oligosaccharide metabolism. Subsequently, these strains were subjected to genome-wide resequencing and RT-qPCR.ResultsThe resequencing results indicated that the subspecies of B. animalis subsp. lactis had a high genome similarity. The RT-qPCR results revealed that glycosidase genes exhibited consistency in the phenotype of metabolism at the transcriptional level; the better the growth of the strains on the oligosaccharides, the higher was the expression of glycosidase genes related to the oligosaccharides. Our results suggested that the differences in the gene transcription levels led to intraspecies differences in the ability of the strains to metabolize oligosaccharides even when they belonged to the same subspecies.DiscussionFuture studies with more sample size could generalizable the conclusion to all B. animalis subsp. lactis strains, thus would lay the theoretical foundation for the utilization of the B. animalis subsp. lactis strain as probiotics and the development of synbiotic products.

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“…However, increased environmental and public concerns regarding manure management and welfare are expected to limit production growth [5,6]. Developing new antibiotic substitutes to promote pig growth and health, as well as new feed to improve feed utilization and reduce manure production during the breeding process, have become important ways to solve the current dilemma and promote the pig industry [7][8][9][10][11][12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fermented Chinese Herbs Improve the Growth and Immunity of Growing Pigs through Regulating Colon Microbiota and Metabolites

Zhang,

Shu,

et al. 2023

Animals

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(1) Background: the development of new antibiotic substitutes to promote pig growth and health has become an important way to solve the current dilemma and promote the pig industry. (2) Methods: to assess the effects of a fermented Chinese herbal (FCH) formula on the growth and immunity of growing pigs, 100 Duroc × Landrace × Yorshire three-way crossed growing pigs were randomly divided into control and treatment groups that were fed a basal diet, and a basal diet with 1% (group A), 2% (group B), and 3% (group C) FCH formulas, respectively. A sixty-day formal experiment was conducted, and their growth and serum indices, colonic microbiota, and metabolites were analyzed. (3) Results: the daily gain of growing pigs in groups A, B, and C increased by 7.93%, 17.68%, and 19.61%, respectively, and the feed-to-gain ratios decreased by 8.33%, 15.00%, and 14.58%, respectively. Serum immunity and antioxidant activities were significantly increased in all treatment groups. Particularly, adding a 2% FCH formula significantly changed the colon’s microbial structure; the Proteobacteria significantly increased and Firmicutes significantly decreased, and the metabolite composition in the colon’s contents significantly changed. (4) Conclusions: these results indicate that the FCH formula is a good feed additive for growing pigs, and the recommended addition ratio was 3%.

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Applications and prospects of functional oligosaccharides in pig nutrition: A review

Cited by 17 publications

References 96 publications

Simulated Swine Digestion and Gut Microbiota Fermentation of Hydrolyzed Copra Meal

Simulated Swine Digestion and Gut Microbiota Fermentation of Hydrolyzed Copra Meal

Whole-genome resequencing and transcriptional profiling association analysis revealed the intraspecies difference response to oligosaccharides utilization in Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis

Fermented Chinese Herbs Improve the Growth and Immunity of Growing Pigs through Regulating Colon Microbiota and Metabolites

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