Applications and usage of the real-time Neutron Monitor Database

Mavromichalaki, H.; Papaioannou, Athanasios; Plainaki, C.; Sarlanis, C.; Souvatzoglou, G.; Gerontidou, M.; Papailiou, M.; Eroshenko, E.; Белов, А. В.; Yanke, V. G.; Flückiger, E. O.; Bütikofer, R.; Parisi, M.; Storini, M.; Klein, Karl‐Ludwig; Fuller, N.; Steigies, C. T.; Rother, O.; Heber, B.; Wimmer‐Schweingruber, R. F.; Kudela, K.; Strharsky, I.; Langer, R. M.; Usoskin, Ilya; Ibragimov, Askar; Chilingaryan, A.; Hovsepyan, G.; Reymers, A.; Yeghikyan, A. G.; Kryakunova, O. N.; Dryn, E. A.; Nikolayevskiy, N.; Дорман, Л. И.; Pustil'Nik, L. A.

doi:10.1016/j.asr.2010.02.019

Cited by 134 publications

(82 citation statements)

References 74 publications

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“…Because the intensity of cosmic rays hitting the Earth's atmosphere is in general not uniform, it is important to have neutron monitors placed at different locations in order to obtain a complete picture of the spatial and energy distribution of the primary populations. In this context, the NMBANGLE PPOLA model treats the existing neutron monitor network (for a detailed description, see Mavromichalaki et al (2011) and and references therein) as an integrated omnidirectional spectrometer able to measure the characteristics of the relativistic primary flux at a selected altitude in the Earth's atmosphere. In particular, in the NMBANGLE PPOLA model, for the time period of an SEP event, groundbased data from neutron monitor stations widely distributed around the world are incorporated.…”

Section: Nmbangle Ppola and Inputs For The Sep Event Cases Under Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Considering the SEP event in October 1989, the use of the same inputs as the ones in the work by , allows the possibility of a direct validation of our code, since both works refer to the same space weather event. Considering the May 2012 event, we choose to make use of the NMBANGLE PPOLA results because they are derived using data from an extended neutron monitor network (Mavromichalaki et al, 2011); hence, allowing the direct reconstruction of the SEP energy spectrum in a proton energy range extending up to a few GeVs . The October 1989 event is known as one of the most intense solar events ever observed (Miroshnichenko et al, 2000).…”

Section: Nmbangle Ppola and Inputs For The Sep Event Cases Under Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Solar energetic particle interactions with the Venusian atmosphere

et al. 2016

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Abstract. In the context of planetary space weather, we estimate the ion production rates in the Venusian atmosphere due to the interactions of solar energetic particles (SEPs) with gas. The assumed concept for our estimations is based on two cases of SEP events, previously observed in near-Earth space: the event in October 1989 and the event in May 2012. For both cases, we assume that the directional properties of the flux and the interplanetary magnetic field configuration would have allowed the SEPs' arrival at Venus and their penetration to the planet's atmosphere. For the event in May 2012, we consider the solar particle properties (integrated flux and rigidity spectrum) obtained by the Neutron Monitor Based Anisotropic GLE Pure Power Law (NMBANGLE PPOLA) model (Plainaki et al., 2010) applied previously for the Earth case and scaled to the distance of Venus from the Sun. For the simulation of the actual cascade in the Venusian atmosphere initiated by the incoming particle fluxes, we apply the DYASTIMA code, a Monte Carlo (MC) application based on the Geant4 software (Paschalis et al., 2014). Our predictions are afterwards compared to other estimations derived from previous studies and discussed. Finally, we discuss the differences between the nominal ionization profile due to galactic cosmic-ray-atmosphere interactions and the profile during periods of intense solar activity, and we show the importance of understanding space weather conditions on Venus in the context of future mission preparation and data interpretation.

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Section: Nmbangle Ppola and Inputs For The Sep Event Cases Under Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Nmbangle Ppola and Inputs For The Sep Event Cases Under Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

Solar energetic particle interactions with the Venusian atmosphere

et al. 2016

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“…They are given in Table B.2. Most of the data are retrieved from NM database (Mavromichalaki et al 2011). …”

Section: Appendix B Spectral and Angular Characteristics Of Seps Durmentioning

confidence: 99%

Numerical model for computation of effective and ambient dose equivalent at flight altitudes

Mishev

Usoskin

2015

J. Space Weather Space Clim.

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A numerical model for assessment of the effective dose and ambient dose equivalent produced by secondary cosmic ray particles of galactic and solar origin at commercial aircraft altitudes is presented. The model represents a full chain analysis based on ground-based measurements of cosmic rays, from particle spectral and angular characteristics to dose estimation. The model is based on newly numerically computed yield functions and realistic propagation of cosmic ray in the Earth magnetosphere. The yield functions are computed using a straightforward full Monte Carlo simulation of the atmospheric cascade induced by primary protons and a-particles and subsequent conversion of secondary particle fluence (neutrons, protons, gammas, electrons, positrons, muons and charged pions) to effective dose or the ambient dose equivalent. The ambient dose equivalent is compared with reference data at various conditions such as rigidity cut-off and level of solar activity. The method is applied for computation of the effective dose rate at flight altitude during the ground level enhancement of 13 December 2006. The solar proton spectra are derived using neutron monitor data. The computation of the effective dose rate during the event explicitly considers the derived anisotropy i.e. the pitch angle distribution as well as the propagation of the solar protons in the magnetosphere of the Earth.

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“…Hence, the mini NMs form a part of the global NM network (Fig. 1) (Moraal et al, 2000;Mavromichalaki et al, 2011).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of spectral and angular characteristics of sub-GLE events using the global neutron monitor network

Mishev

Poluianov

Usoskin

2017

J. Space Weather Space Clim.

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-New recently installed high-altitude polar neutron monitors (NMs) have made the worldwide NM network more sensitive to strong solar energetic particle (SEP) events, registered at ground level, namely ground-level enhancement (GLE) events. The DOMC/B and South Pole NMs in addition to marginal cut-off rigidity also possess lower atmospheric cut-off compared to the sea level. As a result, the two high-altitude polar NM stations are able to detect lower energy SEP events, which most likely would not be registered by the other (near sea level) NMs. Here, we consider several candidates for such type of events called sub-GLEs. Using the worldwide NM database (NMDB) records and an optimization procedure combined with simulation of the global NM network response, we assess the spectral and angular characteristics of sub-GLE particles. With the estimated spectral characteristics as an input, we evaluate the effective dose rate in polar and sub-polar regions at typical commercial flight altitude. Hence, we demonstrate that the global NM network is a useful tool to estimate important space weather effects, e.g., the aircrew exposure due to cosmic rays of galactic and/or solar origins.

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Applications and usage of the real-time Neutron Monitor Database

Cited by 134 publications

References 74 publications

Solar energetic particle interactions with the Venusian atmosphere

Solar energetic particle interactions with the Venusian atmosphere

Numerical model for computation of effective and ambient dose equivalent at flight altitudes

Assessment of spectral and angular characteristics of sub-GLE events using the global neutron monitor network

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