Applications of Acoustic Levitation in Chemical Analysis and Biochemistry

Tsujino, S.; Tanaka, Takashi

doi:10.1007/978-981-32-9065-5_9

Cited by 8 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 116 publications

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“…The airborne handling and manipulation of small particles and droplets via ultrasonic acoustic levitation have recently attracted attention in terms of chemical and biochemical analysis [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16] . The combination of the containerless environment of acoustic levitation for small quantities (submicro-to a few microlitres) of samples 2 with analytical tools such as optical spectroscopy 3 , Raman scattering 1,5-9,14 , X-ray and neutron diffraction 10,12 , and mass spectrometry 11,13,15 has been demonstrated.…”

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confidence: 99%

Acoustic levitation and rotation of thin films and their application for room temperature protein crystallography

Kepa

Tanaka

Sato

et al. 2022

Sci Rep

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Acoustic levitation has attracted attention in terms of chemical and biochemical analysis in combination with various analytical methods because of its unique container-less environment for samples that is not reliant on specific material characteristics. However, loading samples with very high viscosity is difficult. To expand the scope, we propose the use of polymer thin films as sample holders, whereby the sample is dispensed on a film that is subsequently loaded onto an acoustic levitator. When applied for protein crystallography experiments, rotation controllability and positional stability are important prerequisites. We therefore study the acoustic levitation and rotation of thin films with an aspect ratio (the diameter-to-thickness ratio) of 80–240, which is an order of magnitude larger than those reported previously. For films with empirically optimized shapes, we find that it is possible to control the rotation speed in the range of 1–4 rotations per second while maintaining a positional stability of 12 ± 5 µm. The acoustic radiation force acting on the films is found to be a factor of 26–30 higher than that for same-volume water droplets. We propose use cases of the developed films for protein crystallography experiments and demonstrate data collections for large single crystal samples at room temperature.

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confidence: 99%

Acoustic levitation and rotation of thin films and their application for room temperature protein crystallography

Kepa

Tanaka

Sato

et al. 2022

Sci Rep

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“…Noncontact object handling and spatial confinement of objects have enabled discoveries in many fields. ,− The appeal of these methods, particularly from a chemical perspective, lies in their abilities to avoid surfaces, making noncontacting approaches attractive for synthesis, analytical purposes, and beyond. ,, Especially, aligned with the concept of direct mass-spectrometric analyses for their simplicity, ,− the missing puzzle piece seems to be the combination of these two into a versatile sampling platform. Plasma-based ionization sources for MS certainly qualify as ideal candidates, where reagent ions produced by an electrical discharge allow highly efficient chemical detection and quantification; examples include direct analysis in real time (DART), flowing atmospheric-pressure afterglow (FAPA), and low-temperature plasma (LTP) probe. − Conceptually, analytes in condensed-phase samples held within an acoustic levitator could be desorbed, ionized by an ion source, and transported to a mass spectrometer.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Manipulation of Gaseous Ions with Acoustic Fields at Atmospheric Pressure

You,

Danischewski,

Molnar

et al. 2024

J. Am. Chem. Soc.

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The ability to controllably move gaseous ions is an essential aspect of ion-based spectrometry (e.g., mass spectrometry and ion mobility spectrometry) as well as materials processing. At higher pressures, ion motion is largely governed by diffusion and multiple collisions with neutral gas molecules. Thus, high-pressure ion optics based on electrostatics require large fields, radio frequency drives, complicated geometries, and/or partially transmissive grids that become contaminated. Here, we demonstrate that low-power standing acoustic waves can be used to guide, block, focus, and separate beams of ions akin to electrostatic ion optics. Ions preferentially travel through the static-pressure regions ("nodes") while neutral gas does not appear to be impacted by the acoustic field structure and continues along a straight trajectory. This acoustic ion manipulation (AIM) approach has broad implications for ion manipulation techniques at high pressure, while expanding our fundamental understanding of the behavior of ions in gases.

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“…We have been developing the acoustic levitation diffractometer (ALD) for room temperature protein crystallography, [1][2][3][4][5][6][7] comprising the rapid recording of X-ray diffraction images using a pixelated high-frame-rate X-ray image detector 8,9 from rotating crystals in acoustically levitated droplet, and the highly brilliant X-ray beam. In contrast to the cryocooled crystallography, room temperature experiments require the rapid data collection from all the crystal orientations before dehydration damages the sample.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In literature, acoustic levitation is attracting attention for airborne analysis of liquid samples in small quantities in the range of submicroliter to a few microliters. 7,[16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25] For studying chemical reactions without the influence of drying and resulting change of the chemical consistency, the mixing and the reaction in an airborne droplet should be completed as soon as possible. This is especially the case when the investigation aims at observing the transient state of the reaction, a requirement that is common to our crystallography experiments.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inertial mixing of acoustically levitated droplets for time‐lapse protein crystallography

Tsujino,

Sato,

Jia

et al. 2024

Droplet

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Varying the chemical consistency of acoustically levitated droplets opens up an in situ study of chemical and biochemical reactions in small volumes. However, the optimization of the mixing time and the minimization of the positional instability induced by solution dispensing are necessary for practical applications such as the study of the transient state of macromolecules crystallography during the ligand binding processes. For this purpose, we study the inertial mixing in a configuration compatible with the room‐temperature crystallography using the acoustic levitation diffractometer, therein solution drops ejected at high velocity collide and coalesce with droplets dispensed on acoustically levitated and rotating polymer thin‐film sample holders. With the proposed method, we are able to achieve the mixing time of ∼0.1 s for sub‐micro and a few microliter droplets. The observed short mixing time is ascribed to the rapid penetration of the solution into the droplets and confirmed by a computational fluid dynamic simulation. The demonstrated accelerated solution mixing is tested in a pilot time‐lapse protein crystallography experiment using the acoustic levitation diffractometer. The results indicate the detection of transient ligand binding state within 2 s after the solution dispensing, suggesting the feasibility of the proposed method for studying slow biochemical processes.

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Applications of Acoustic Levitation in Chemical Analysis and Biochemistry

Cited by 8 publications

References 116 publications

Acoustic levitation and rotation of thin films and their application for room temperature protein crystallography

Acoustic levitation and rotation of thin films and their application for room temperature protein crystallography

Manipulation of Gaseous Ions with Acoustic Fields at Atmospheric Pressure

Inertial mixing of acoustically levitated droplets for time‐lapse protein crystallography

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