Applications of Aptamers in Targeted Imaging: State of the Art

Dougherty, Casey A.; Cai, Weibo; Hong, Hao

doi:10.2174/1568026615666150413153400

Cited by 62 publications

(42 citation statements)

References 107 publications

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“…Aptasensors can also be used to detect exoxomes [169]. Aptamers can be used as imaging agents [170,171,172,173], for example to track cell status and functions [174]. In particular, glioblastoma-specific aptamers were developed by either targeting the whole cell surface or known glioma biomarkers.…”

Section: Applications Of Aptamers In Oncologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Selection of Nucleic Acid Aptamers Targeting Tumor Cell-Surface Protein Biomarkers

Mercier

Dontenwill

Choulier

2017

Cancers

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Aptamers are nucleic acids referred to as chemical antibodies as they bind to their specific targets with high affinity and selectivity. They are selected via an iterative process known as ‘selective evolution of ligands by exponential enrichment’ (SELEX). Aptamers have been developed against numerous cancer targets and among them, many tumor cell-membrane protein biomarkers. The identification of aptamers targeting cell-surface proteins has mainly been performed by two different strategies: protein- and cell-based SELEX, when the targets used for selection were proteins and cells, respectively. This review aims to update the literature on aptamers targeting tumor cell surface protein biomarkers, highlighting potentials, pitfalls of protein- and cell-based selection processes and applications of such selected molecules. Aptamers as promising agents for diagnosis and therapeutic approaches in oncology are documented, as well as aptamers in clinical development.

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Section: Applications Of Aptamers In Oncologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Selection of Nucleic Acid Aptamers Targeting Tumor Cell-Surface Protein Biomarkers

Mercier

Dontenwill

Choulier

2017

Cancers

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“…Aptamer-modified QDs are used particularly for cancer cell imaging [98]. MUC-1 aptamer-conjugated QDs for the detection of mucin-1 positive cells serve as an example for fluorescent cell imaging [90]. QDs are also widely used for targeting breast cancer cells (MCF-7).…”

Section: Cell Targetingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aptamer-modified nanomaterials: principles and applications

et al. 2016

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Aptamers are promising alternative binders that can substitute antibodies in various applications. Due to the advantages of aptamers, namely their high affinity, specificity and stability, along with the benefits originating from the chemical synthesis of aptamers, they have attracted attention in various applications including their use on nanostructured material. This necessitates the immobilization of aptamers on a solid support. Since aptamer immobilization may interfere with its binding properties, the immobilization of aptamers has to be investigated and optimized. Within this review, we give general insights into the principles and factors controlling the binding affinity of immobilized aptamers. Specific features of aptamer immobilization on nanostructured surfaces and nanoparticles are highlighted and a brief overview of applications of aptamer-modified nanostructured materials is given.

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“…[14][15][16][17][18] Simultaneously, the aptamer as an element of the targeted probe can avoid immunogenicity and its high purity can also guarantee its non-toxicity and safety compared with other ligands. [19][20][21] Early aptamers including A10 and A9 were screened from the synthesized RNA aptamer library, and can both effectively bind to PSMA. 22,23 However, they both consist of 79 nucleotides, which leads to a very high molecular weight and severely restricts their role as targeting molecules.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diagnosis of prostate cancer using anti-PSMA aptamer A10-3.2-oriented lipid nanobubbles

Fan

Guo

Wang

et al. 2016

IJN

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In this study, the lipid targeted nanobubble carrying the A10-3.2 aptamer against prostate specific membrane antigen was fabricated, and its effect in the ultrasound imaging of prostate cancer was investigated. Materials including 2-dipalmitoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine, 1,2-dipalmitoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphatidic acid, 1,2-dipalmitoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine, 1,2-dipalmitoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoglycerol, carboxyl-modified 1,2-distearoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine, and polyethyleneglycol-2000 were for mechanical oscillation, and nanobubbles were obtained through the centrifugal flotation method. After mice were injected with nanobubbles, abdominal color Doppler blood flow imaging significantly improved. Through left ventricular perfusion with normal saline to empty the circulating nanobubbles, nanobubbles still existed in tumor tissue sections, which demonstrated that nanobubbles could enter tissue spaces via the permeability and retention effect. Fluorinated A10-3.2 aptamers obtained by chemical synthesis had good specificity for PSMA-positive cells, and were linked with carboxyl-modified 1,2-distearoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine lipid molecules from the outer shell of nanobubbles via amide reaction to construct targeted nanobubbles. Gel electrophoresis and immunofluorescence confirmed that targeted nanobubbles were fabricated successfully. Next, targeted nanobubbles could bind with PSMA-positive cells (C4-2 cells), while not with PSMA-negative cells (PC-3 cells), using in vitro binding experiments and flow cytometry at the cellular level. Finally, C4-2 and PC-3 xenografts in mice were used to observe changes in parameters of targeted and non-targeted nanobubbles in the contrast-enhanced ultrasound mode, and the distribution of Cy5.5-labeled targeted nanobubbles in fluorescent imaging of live small animals. Comparison of ultrasound indicators between targeted and non-targeted nanobubbles in C4-2 xenografts showed that they had similar peak times ( P >0.05), while the peak intensity, half time of peak intensity, and area under the curve of ½ peak intensity were significantly different ( P <0.05). In PC-3 xenografts, there were no differences in these four indicators. Fluorescent imaging indicated that targeted nanobubbles had an aggregation ability in C4-2 xenograft tumors. In conclusion, targeted nanobubbles carrying the anti-PSMA A10-3.2 aptamer have a targeted imaging effect in prostate cancer.

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Applications of Aptamers in Targeted Imaging: State of the Art

Cited by 62 publications

References 107 publications

Selection of Nucleic Acid Aptamers Targeting Tumor Cell-Surface Protein Biomarkers

Selection of Nucleic Acid Aptamers Targeting Tumor Cell-Surface Protein Biomarkers

Aptamer-modified nanomaterials: principles and applications

Diagnosis of prostate cancer using anti-PSMA aptamer A10-3.2-oriented lipid nanobubbles

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