Applications of Biodiesel By-products

Rastegari, Hajar; Jazini, Hossein; Ghaziaskar, Hassan S.; Yalpani, Mohammad

doi:10.1007/978-3-030-00985-4_5

Cited by 11 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 101 publications

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“…This can be necessitated by dietary inclusion of GG-rich M. flabelifollius . In addition, this compound is effective in decreasing caloric intake by suppressing the intestinal disaccharide action, suppression of hepatic glucose activity, thus, limiting mechanisms associated with obesity with the finisher phase of broiler production [ 40 , 41 ].…”

Section: Nutritional Composition Of Myrothamnus Flabellifol...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploring the Potential of Myrothamnus flabellifolius Welw. (Resurrection Tree) as a Phytogenic Feed Additive in Animal Nutrition

Nantapo

Marume

2022

Animals

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Myrothamnus flabellifolius (Welw.) is used in African traditional medicine for the treatment of depression and mental disorder, asthma, infectious diseases, respiratory, inflammation, epilepsy, heart, wound, backaches, diabetes, kidney ailments, hypertension, hemorrhoids, gingivitis, shingles, stroke, and skins conditions. The effectiveness of M. flabellifolius is due to the presence of several secondary metabolites that have demonstrated efficacy in other cell and animal models. These metabolites are key in cell regulation and function and have potential use in animal production due to antimicrobial and antioxidant properties, for an improvement in growth performance, feed quality and palatability, gut microbial environment, function, and animal health. The purpose of this review is to provide a detailed account on the potential use of M. flabellifolius in animal nutrition. Limitations towards the use of this plant in animal nutrition, including toxicity, economic, and financial issues are discussed. Finally, novel strategies and technologies, e.g., microencapsulation, microbial fermentation, and essential oil extraction, used to unlock and improve nutrient bioaccessibility and bioavailability are clearly discussed towards the potential use of M. flabellifolius as a phytogenic additive in animal diets.

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Section: Nutritional Composition Of Myrothamnus Flabellifol...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploring the Potential of Myrothamnus flabellifolius Welw. (Resurrection Tree) as a Phytogenic Feed Additive in Animal Nutrition

Nantapo

Marume

2022

Animals

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“…This required a total land area of (3.7–13.2) × 10 6 km 2 [70], which is equivalent to 2–9% of global land area and 22–80% of the arable area in 2017 [68] (figure 2). From an economic perspective, the latest market trends project that global biofuel production will increase from the 2018 production values by 25% by 2024 to 11.6% of the global energy supply [71]. Assuming the proportion of biofuels obtained from energy crops remains unchanged, this would represent an increase in cropped energy supply from approximately 1.67 × 10 18 J yr −1 in 2018 to approximately 2.08 × 10 18 J yr −1 in 2024 (0.35% of global energy supply), on a land area of 9.25 × 10 5 km 2 (approx.…”

Section: Production Of Crops For Energymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Pressing and extraction of oils from oilseeds for transesterification produces oil cake (8% oil by weight) or oil meal (1–3% oil by weight) [77]. These residues are high in protein (15–50% by weight) so can either be fed to livestock (if edible), used for further energy generation (by combustion, pyrolysis or anaerobic digestion), or applied to soils as a nitrogenous fertilizer [71]. If used as a fertilizer, they add C and N to the soil (as well as phosphorus and potassium), so improving soil properties and productivity [71].…”

Section: Production Of Crops For Energymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These residues are high in protein (15–50% by weight) so can either be fed to livestock (if edible), used for further energy generation (by combustion, pyrolysis or anaerobic digestion), or applied to soils as a nitrogenous fertilizer [71]. If used as a fertilizer, they add C and N to the soil (as well as phosphorus and potassium), so improving soil properties and productivity [71]. Globally, approximately 5% of oilseed production is used for biofuels [68], and production of biofuels from the three major oilseed crops (soya bean, rapeseed and palm oil) produces 3.87 × 10 6 t yr −1 oil cake or meal.…”

Section: Production Of Crops For Energymentioning

confidence: 99%

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The role of soils in provision of energy

Smith

Farmer

Smith

et al. 2021

Phil. Trans. R. Soc. B

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Soils have both direct and indirect impacts on available energy, but energy provision, in itself, has direct and indirect impacts on soils. Burning peats provides only approximately 0.02% of global energy supply yet emits approximately 0.7–0.8% of carbon losses from land-use change and forestry (LUCF). Bioenergy crops provide approximately 0.3% of energy supply and occupy approximately 0.2–0.6% of harvested area. Increased bioenergy demand is likely to encourage switching from forests and pastures to rotational energy cropping, resulting in soil carbon loss. However, with protective policies, incorporation of residues from energy provision could sequester approximately 0.4% of LUCF carbon losses. All organic wastes available in 2018 could provide approximately 10% of global energy supply, but at a cost to soils of approximately 5% of LUCF carbon losses; not using manures avoids soil degradation but reduces energy provision to approximately 9%. Wind farms, hydroelectric solar and geothermal schemes provide approximately 3.66% of energy supply and occupy less than approximately 0.3% of harvested area, but if sited on peatlands could result in carbon losses that exceed reductions in fossil fuel emissions. To ensure renewable energy provision does not damage our soils, comprehensive policies and management guidelines are needed that (i) avoid peats, (ii) avoid converting permanent land uses (such as perennial grassland or forestry) to energy cropping, and (iii) return residues remaining from energy conversion processes to the soil. This article is part of the theme issue ‘The role of soils in delivering Nature's Contributions to People’.

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“…The cost of refining crude glycerol is high due to the high cost of the processing equipment needed to purify it [18]. Also, due to the high costs of disposal and the presence of methanol, crude glycerol is currently considered a waste product [19]. Processing crude glycerol to produce value-added platform chemicals could be one answer to this challenge [16,20].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Techno-economic analysis of methanol synthesis from syngas derived from steam reforming of crude glycerol

Kgwedi

Seedat

Fajimi

et al. 2023

Biomass Conv. Bioref.

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Due to the large amount of crude glycerol produced as a by-product by the biodiesel industry, alternative technologies for converting glycerol to value-added fuels such as syngas have been proposed. By employing four main processes, the syngas could further be used to produce methanol. The first process is steam reforming (STR) where the crude glycerol is converted into syngas. The next step is a three-unit pressure swing adsorption (PSA) system which is employed to condition the syngas into the required stoichiometric ratio. The final two process are the methanol synthesis and methanol purification processes. The effects of STR temperature, steam-to-glycerol ratio (SGR), methanol synthesis temperature and pressure were all investigated. The results obtained shows that 0.29 kgMeOH/kgCG can be obtained through this process at STR of 650 ℃, SGR of 9, and methanol synthesis temperature and pressure of 250 ℃ and 80 bar respectively. In addition, a methanol production plant capacity of 6.8 tonnes/hr of crude glycerol feed for a 20-year plant life was investigated. The result from the economic analysis carried out shows that production of methanol from glycerol is economically feasible with net present value (NPV), return on investment, (ROI), discounted payback period (DPBP) and net production cost (NPC) of $74.2 million, 17%, 4.59 years, and 85₵/kgMeOH respectively. The sensitivity analysis results show that the revenue from sales of methanol and byproducts (hydrogen and methane), the manufacturing cost, the cost of raw materials, as well as fixed capital investment (FCI) were the most sensitive economic parameters.

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Applications of Biodiesel By-products

Cited by 11 publications

References 101 publications

Exploring the Potential of Myrothamnus flabellifolius Welw. (Resurrection Tree) as a Phytogenic Feed Additive in Animal Nutrition

Exploring the Potential of Myrothamnus flabellifolius Welw. (Resurrection Tree) as a Phytogenic Feed Additive in Animal Nutrition

The role of soils in provision of energy

Techno-economic analysis of methanol synthesis from syngas derived from steam reforming of crude glycerol

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