“…Pakistan generated nearly 12 million tons of plastic waste in 2020, and the amount generated could reach up to 22 million tons in 2050 [4]. Plastics are versatile, lightweight, and durable, making them popular for various applications, from packaging to construction to electronics [5]. The generation of plastic waste is a global environmental concern characterized by the production and accumulation of plastic materials that have reached the end of their useful life.…”