Applications of Carbon Nanotubes in Bone Tissue Regeneration and Engineering: Superiority, Concerns, Current Advancements, and Prospects

Pei, Baoqing; Wang, Wei; Dunne, Nicholas; Li, Xiaoming

doi:10.3390/nano9101501

Cited by 143 publications

(95 citation statements)

References 234 publications

(268 reference statements)

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“…By immersing the prepared hydrogel in a CaCl 2 /NaH 2 PO 4 solution, calcium phosphate (CaP) nanoparticles can be grown in situ in the gel network [ 47 ]. This solution not only improves the mechanical properties of the hydrogel, but also effectively enhances its osseointegration and osteoconductivity [ 48 ]. However, this process requires the hydrogel to be immersed in a salt solution with a higher pH and osmotic pressure, so it is not suitable for hydrogels encapsulated with cells [ 49 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Applications of Hydrogel with Special Physical Properties in Bone and Cartilage Regeneration

Lin

Yin

et al. 2021

Materials

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Hydrogel is a polymer matrix containing a large amount of water. It is similar to extracellular matrix components. It comes into contact with blood, body fluids, and human tissues without affecting the metabolism of organisms. It can be applied to bone and cartilage tissues. This article introduces the high-strength polymer hydrogel and its modification methods to adapt to the field of bone and cartilage tissue engineering. From the perspective of the mechanical properties of hydrogels, the mechanical strength of hydrogels has experienced from the weak-strength traditional hydrogels to the high-strength hydrogels, then the injectable hydrogels were invented and realized the purpose of good fluidity before the use of hydrogels and high strength in the later period. In addition, specific methods to give special physical properties to the hydrogel used in the field of bone and cartilage tissue engineering will also be discussed, such as 3D printing, integrated repair of bone and cartilage tissue, bone vascularization, and osteogenesis hydrogels that regulate cell growth, antibacterial properties, and repeatable viscosity in humid environments. Finally, we explain the main reasons and contradictions in current applications, look forward to the research prospects in the field of bone and cartilage tissue engineering, and emphasize the importance of conducting research in this field to promote medical progress.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Applications of Hydrogel with Special Physical Properties in Bone and Cartilage Regeneration

Lin

Yin

et al. 2021

Materials

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“…They showed that the composites could promote the ectopic bone formation after the implantation in muscle tissue [ 32 ]. However, the efficacy degree of MCNTs to promote bone tissue formation compared with well-recognized nanoscale bone repair materials is still not clear [ 33 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of carbon nanotubes on osteogenic functions of adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells in vitro and bone formation in vivo compared with that of nano-hydroxyapatite and the possible mechanism

Feng

Cao

et al. 2021

Bioactive Materials

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It has been well recognized that the development and use of artificial materials with high osteogenic ability is one of the most promising means to replace bone grafting that has exhibited various negative effects. The biomimetic features and unique physiochemical properties of nanomaterials play important roles in stimulating cellular functions and guiding tissue regeneration. But efficacy degree of some nanomaterials to promote specific tissue formation is still not clear. We hereby comparatively studied the osteogenic ability of our treated multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MCNTs) and the main inorganic mineral component of natural bone, nano-hydroxyapatite (nHA) in the same system, and tried to tell the related mechanism. In vitro culture of human adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (HASCs) on the MCNTs and nHA demonstrated that although there was no significant difference in the cell adhesion amount between on the MCNTs and nHA, the cell attachment strength and proliferation on the MCNTs were better. Most importantly, the MCNTs could induce osteogenic differentiation of the HASCs better than the nHA, the possible mechanism of which was found to be that the MCNTs could activate Notch involved signaling pathways by concentrating more proteins, including specific bone-inducing ones. Moreover, the MCNTs could induce ectopic bone formation in vivo while the nHA could not, which might be because MCNTs could stimulate inducible cells in tissues to form inductive bone better than nHA by concentrating more proteins including specific bone-inducing ones secreted from M2 macrophages. Therefore, MCNTs might be more effective materials for accelerating bone formation even than nHA.

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“…The impact of CNTs stacking on the mechanical characteristics of certain polymers utilized in bone tissue engineering. For recovery of bone deformities with composite configurations and perplexing shapes, fruitful reconciliation is basic ( Pei et al, 2019 ). Bone tissue engineering framework substances must keep up the most suitable auxiliary geometry as the procedure of recovery continues.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydroxyapatite based biocomposite scaffold: A highly biocompatible material for bone regeneration

Li¹,

Qin

Lakshmanan

et al. 2020

Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences

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The conventional approaches for treating bone defects such as autografts donor tissue shortages and allografts transmission of diseases pose many shortcomings. The objective of this study was to design a nano strontium/magnesium doped hydroxyapatite (Sr/Mg-HA) with chitosan (CTS) and multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT) (Sr/Mg-HA/MWCNT/CTS) biocomposite was created to support the growth of osteoblasts using a solvent evaporation method. To help the growth of osteoblasts, a solvent evaporation technique was used to design a nano strontium/magnesium doped hydroxyapatite with chitosan and multi-walled carbon nanotubes biocomposite. We studied the biocompatibility and efficiency in vitro of biocomposite following physicochemical analyzes. Tests of biocompatibility, cell proliferation, mineralization, and osteogenic differentiation have shown that in-vitro safety and effectiveness of biocomposite are good. The performance of biocomposite was more efficient in in-vitro as well as in vivo experiments than in Sr/Mg-HA nanoparticles. Briefly, the Sr/Mg-HA/MWCNT/CTS biocomposite is an ideal candidate for effective bone repair in clinics with excellent mechanical properties with durable multi-biofunctional antibacterial properties and osteoinductivity.

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Applications of Carbon Nanotubes in Bone Tissue Regeneration and Engineering: Superiority, Concerns, Current Advancements, and Prospects

Cited by 143 publications

References 234 publications

Applications of Hydrogel with Special Physical Properties in Bone and Cartilage Regeneration

Applications of Hydrogel with Special Physical Properties in Bone and Cartilage Regeneration

The effect of carbon nanotubes on osteogenic functions of adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells in vitro and bone formation in vivo compared with that of nano-hydroxyapatite and the possible mechanism

Hydroxyapatite based biocomposite scaffold: A highly biocompatible material for bone regeneration

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