Applications of FTIR Spectroscopy to Supercritical Fluid Drying, Extraction and Impregnation

A new technique for measuring retrograde vitrification in polymer-gas systems and for making ultramicrocellular foams from the retrograde phase

“…This plasticization effect plays an important role in various areas including polymer membranes for gas separation; 1 extraction of unreacted species 2 or impurities 3 from polymers; incorporation of additives into polymers; 4,5 enhancing polymer-polymer miscibility; 6 and facilitating making polymer blends or composites, 7 polymer morphology modification, 8 and fabrication of cellular polymers or polymer foams. 9,10 For these applications, it is important to know the relationship between the polymer's T g and the gas pressure, p, that is, the T g -p profile.…”

Recent Developments in Polymer Processes

“…To study the CO 2 -induced plasticization, different techniques can be applied, for example, gas sorption and polymer swelling [26,27]; in-situ FTIR spectroscopy [28,29], NMR spectroscopy [30], and dynamic light scattering [31]. Two new techniques for simultaneous sorption and swelling measurement have been proposed, based on detection of the volume change of the polymer sample measured by mercury displacement [32], and on gravimetric measurement [33], respectively.…”

OPPORTUNITIES FOR POLLUTION PREVENTION AND ENERGY EFFICIENCY ENABLED BY THE CARBON DIOXIDE TECHNOLOGY PLATFORM

“…The impregnation of polymers and related porous solids has been monitored by Fourier transform infrared and UV-vis spectroscopy (72)(73)(74)(75)(76)(77). The impregnation of polymers and related porous solids has been monitored by Fourier transform infrared and UV-vis spectroscopy (72)(73)(74)(75)(76)(77).…”