Applications of Graphene at Microwave Frequencies

Abstract

In view to the epochal scenarios that nanotechnology discloses, nano-electronics has the potential to introduce a paradigm shift in electronic systems design similar to that of the transition from vacuum tubes to semiconductor devices. Since low dimensional (1D and 2D) nano-structured materials exhibit unprecedented electromechanical properties in a wide frequency range, including radio-frequencies (RF), microwave nano-electronics provides an enormous and yet widely undiscovered opportunity for the engineering community. Carbon nanoelectronics is one of the main research routes of RF/microwave nano-electronics. In particular, graphene has shown proven results as an emblematic protagonist, and a real solution for a wide variety of microwave electronic devices and circuits. This paper introduces graphene properties in the microwave range, and presents a paradigm of novel graphene-based devices and applications in the microwave/RF frequency range.

Contactless Electrical Resistance of 2D Materials Using a Rutile Resonator

“…When we have two identical samples, the measurement process is easier because only a single measurement using the resonator is needed. Should only one sample be available (this is the case for samples S 1 and S 2 ), it is necessary to take a preliminary measurement of the factor Q of a full metal resonator (i.e., configuration metal-metal) to obtain the R S of the known metal using Equation (1). We then replace one of the metal samples with the target sample to obtain a new Q factor value and use it in Equation (3) to obtain R S of the target sample.…”

“…The characterization of electrical and optical properties of 2D materials such as graphene at microwave frequency range has attracted a lot of attention in recent years. This is due to the many applications to engineering, such as graphene‐based devices, graphene field‐effect transistors, graphene antennas, and graphene microstrip attenuators, among others …”

“…This is due to the many applications to engineering, such as graphene-based devices, graphene field-effect transistors, graphene antennas, and graphene microstrip attenuators, among others. [1] The electrical resistance R s (and hence the electrical conductivity) of a conducting coating can be determined using a cavity end-wall replacement method. [2] Using a low-loss, high-permittivity dielectric to load the resonator enables the measurement of electrical resistance R s of a conducting coating at a microwave range of frequencies, determined from the changes of the quality factor Q when the cavity is modified by the sample.…”

Physics-Based Analytical Engineering Models of Graphene Micro- and Nanostrip Lines

“…RAPHENE material [1] is interesting in the developments of new electronics and optoelectronics, including microwave and terahertz transistors [2]- [4]. An attractive feature of graphene components is their low signal delay and the possibility of tuning of their parameters using the electric or/and magnetic biasing of graphene's chemical potential and the conductivity of graphene layers [4], [5]. For instance, even loss of graphene interconnects can be decreased, tuning the chemical potential that is shown in measurements and simulations [6], [7].…”

A review of microwave devices based on CVD-grown graphene with experimental demonstration

“…Due to its outstanding mechanical, optical, and electrical properties, the graphene has been widely used for microwave application in recent years [12]. Firstly, as the naturally thinnest material with the light transmittance of 97%-98%, graphene paves the way to make the light and transparent devices [13].…”