Applications of Hydrophobins in Medical Biotechnolog

Abstract

Class I and class II Hydrophobins are small, low molecular weight cysteine-rich protein produced by filamentous fungi, of approximately 100 amino acids, whose size ranges between 5-20 kDa. Research over the last 10 years gave an improved insight into the applications of hydrophobins in the medical and pharmaceutical fields. The study of hydrophobins, self-assembly between hydrophobic and hydrophilic interfaces led to a better understanding of physical properties and their applications. Different coatings which use anti-fouling agents like hydrophobins are used for fabricating medical devices to provide bacteriocidal and antiplatelet activity for instance by fusion of SC3-NO-releasing medical-grade polymer; formation of antibacterial surfaces. Hydrophobins have been used for making Nano suspensions of water-insoluble drugs to increase their efficiency/effectiveness and for better oral administration.In addition to it, Hydrophobins are used for immobilization of molecules and cells, Detection of antigen-antibody interaction. This review highlights the study of a significant wide range of applications by various methods, also showcasing the need for developing new product strategies to improve the low yields for their broader use. Hydrophobins being a promising protein gives widespread opportunities for their application in medical and therapeutics.

Green Technology for Fungal Protein Extraction—A Review

“…While some proteins readily dissolve in aqueous buffers, others require denaturing agents, chaotropic reagents, or organic solvents to overcome insolubility barriers. Hydrophobins, unique proteins from filamentous fungi, offer versatile applications in fields such as food technology, pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, and materials science due to their amphiphilic nature and remarkable surface activity, but their hydrophobic nature complicates solubilisation and extraction process [37]. Krishnaswamy et al [38], showed that proteins extracted using TE (Tris + EDTA) and yeast-breaking buffer yielded concentrations exceeding 2 µg/mL, indicating insufficient extraction.…”