Applications of ion beam analysis in biology and medicine, a review

PIXE and XRF analysis of honey samples

“…The use of PIXE and XRF techniques as an analytical tool for rapid and reliable elemental analysis of biological material has a history of several decades [1,2]. These techniques are used primarily for the determination of trace-element concentrations in different biological samples.…”

PIXE analysis of biological bodies in Uranouchi bay

“…Though several analytical techniques have been used for elemental analysis, PIXE provides more accurate results among them. In several decades PIXE has been widely used in the biological sample analysis [2][3][4][5][6]. The Uranouchi bay, a wellknown place of Kochi prefecture, Japan is famous for its natural landscape and for fish culturing.…”

Deuterated carbohydrate probes as ‘label-free’ substrates for probing nutrient uptake in mycobacteria by nuclear reaction analysis

“…We therefore reasoned that 3 He Nuclear Reaction Analysis (NRA), which is uniquely sensitive towards the detection of deuterium could be employed to monitor the uptake of deuterated nutrients into bacteria. 9 NRA is one of a family of MeV ion beam analysis techniques often used for quantitative materials analysis and depth profiling. 10,11 The 2 H( 3 He,p)a nuclear reaction is well established in materials analysis to quantify variation in 2 H content with depth.…”