Applications of ionic liquids in starch chemistry: a review

Ren, Fei; Wang, Jinwei; Xie, Fengwei; Zan, Ke; Wang, Shuo; Wang, Shujun

doi:10.1039/c9gc03738a

Cited by 123 publications

(77 citation statements)

References 199 publications

(302 reference statements)

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“…For this purpose, ionic liquids (ILs), often referred to as “green solvents”, have recently attracted great interest for processing and plasticization of biopolymers. 4 − 12 ILs that contain a strongly basic, hydrogen-bond-accepting anion ( e.g ., carboxylates or halides) are capable of disrupting the intermolecular hydrogen bonding wholly or partially in biopolymer networks. 12 Moreover, the use of ILs could lead to the development of advanced biopolymer materials such as ionically conducting polymers or solid polymer electrolytes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ionic Liquid (1-Ethyl-3-methylimidazolium Acetate) Plasticization of Chitosan-Based Bionanocomposites

et al. 2020

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The structure and properties of different biopolymer composites based on chitosan and chitosan/carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) are governed by multiple structure–property relationships associated with different phase interactions. Plasticization of these matrices with ionic liquid 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate ([C 2 mim][OAc]) played a dominant role, increasing the mobility of biopolymer chains as well as ions and associated dipoles but reducing biopolymer chain interactions, crystallinity, and thermal stability. These structural changes led to higher matrix ionic conductivity, shorter electrical relaxation time, and greater matrix ductility. The inclusion of graphene oxide (GO) and reduced GO (rGO) also influenced the structure and properties of these bionanocomposites by disrupting the biopolymer hydrogen bonding and/or polyelectrolyte complexation (PEC) and interacting with [C 2 mim][OAc]. The impact of GO/rGO was more evident for 20 wt % [C 2 mim][OAc], such as increased crystallinity and thermal stability of chitosan. PEC was hindered with excess (40 wt %) [C 2 mim][OAc] added and further hindered again when rGO was included. This study shows that the structure and properties of bionanocomposites are not just determined by the surface chemistry of GO/rGO but can also be influenced by multiple interactions involving plasticizers such as ILs and additional biopolymers.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ionic Liquid (1-Ethyl-3-methylimidazolium Acetate) Plasticization of Chitosan-Based Bionanocomposites

et al. 2020

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“…However, for most applications, starch lacks the required properties due to its semi-crystalline structure. Therefore, starch is generally transformed into thermoplastic starch (TPS) mostly by using water as a plasticizer coupled with heating and shear treatments, causing its destructuration [ 58 ]. Nevertheless, starch can suffer retrogradation, i.e., it can re-organize in its semi-crystalline structure even after the gelatinization process.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Use of Ionic Liquids and Deep Eutectic Solvents in Polysaccharides Dissolution and Extraction Processes towards Sustainable Biomass Valorization

et al. 2020

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A shift to a bioeconomy development model has been evolving, conducting the scientific community to investigate new ways of producing chemicals, materials and fuels from renewable resources, i.e., biomass. Specifically, technologies that provide high performance and maximal use of biomass feedstocks into commodities with reduced environmental impact have been highly pursued. A key example comprises the extraction and/or dissolution of polysaccharides, one of the most abundant fractions of biomass, which still need to be improved regarding these processes’ efficiency and selectivity parameters. In this context, the use of alternative solvents and the application of less energy-intensive processes in the extraction of polysaccharides might play an important role to reach higher efficiency and sustainability in biomass valorization. This review debates the latest achievements in sustainable processes for the extraction of polysaccharides from a myriad of biomass resources, including lignocellulosic materials and food residues. Particularly, the ability of ionic liquids (ILs) and deep eutectic solvents (DESs) to dissolve and extract the most abundant polysaccharides from natural sources, namely cellulose, chitin, starch, hemicelluloses and pectins, is scrutinized and the efficiencies between solvents are compared. The interaction mechanisms between solvent and polysaccharide are described, paving the way for the design of selective extraction processes. A detailed discussion of the work developed for each polysaccharide as well as the innovation degree and the development stage of dissolution and extraction technologies is presented. Their advantages and disadvantages are also identified, and possible synergies by integrating microwave- and ultrasound-assisted extraction (MAE and UAE) or a combination of both (UMAE) are briefly described. Overall, this review provides key information towards the design of more efficient, selective and sustainable extraction and dissolution processes of polysaccharides from biomass.

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“…It is a biopolymer that is biodegradable and renewable [1]. It is also considered as a raw material for the production of green materials that could substitute synthetic polymers [2]. It is widely used as a thickening, stabilizing, and gelling component in the food industry.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is a huge challenge that is driven by high demand to destroy the molecular hydrogen bonds in starch in order to extend the range of applications of and enhance the processability of this biopolymer [2,24]. Hydrogen bonding and areas of crystallinity render granules of starch insoluble in water at room temperature.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Some application of zinc chloride aqueous solution [29], molten imidazole [27], 4-methylmorpholine 4-oxide (NMMO) [30], and NaOH/urea [31,32] were also proposed recently. Ionic liquids, promising "green solvents," can be used for the processing of polysaccharides, however they have a tendency to cause starch degradation and their potential toxicity limits their applicability in starch-based foods [2].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Molecular Dispersion of Starch as a Crucial Parameter during Size-Exclusion Chromatography

Szwengiel

Kubiak

2020

Foods

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Starch, α-polyglucan consisting of a large number of anhydroglucose units joined by α-1,4- and α-1,6-glycosidic bonds, seems to be characterized by a simple structure when compared to other natural polymers. Nevertheless, starches of various botanical origins have different physicochemical properties that are related to the differences in molecular and supramolecular structure of this polymer. In terms of the functional value of starch, the behavior of its macromolecules in solution is the most important result of its structural features. Extremely high molecular mass is the fundamental structural property of starch. Water, considered simply as a solvent for solubilization, does not provide molecular dispersion of starch without its degradation. The objectives of this study are to characterize the suitability of a new aqueous media (urea/NaOH) for enhancing the dispersion of native corn and potato starches and its effect on the consequent size-exclusion chromatography (SEC) analysis. The results were referred to other aqueous base solvents used for dispersing starch (NaOH and KOH). The samples were separated using SEC with triple detection and phosphate buffer (pH 8.0) with urea as the eluent. The characteristics of tested normal and waxy starches were compared. The results revealed that urea/NaOH did not degrade starch during the dispersion process. The recovery of starches, however, was not higher than 42%. These results prove that while the urea/NaOH solvent allows to obtain cold-water-soluble starch, the degree of disintegration of the intramolecular interactions of amylopectin chains is still insufficient.

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Applications of ionic liquids in starch chemistry: a review

Abstract: Recently, the use of ionic liquids as promising “green solvents” in starch chemistry has gained extensive interest, especially in the areas of chemical modification of starch and the development of starch-based materials.

Cited by 123 publications

References 199 publications

Ionic Liquid (1-Ethyl-3-methylimidazolium Acetate) Plasticization of Chitosan-Based Bionanocomposites

Ionic Liquid (1-Ethyl-3-methylimidazolium Acetate) Plasticization of Chitosan-Based Bionanocomposites

Use of Ionic Liquids and Deep Eutectic Solvents in Polysaccharides Dissolution and Extraction Processes towards Sustainable Biomass Valorization

Molecular Dispersion of Starch as a Crucial Parameter during Size-Exclusion Chromatography

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