Applications of mental rotation figures of the Shepard and Metzler type and description of a mental rotation stimulus library

Peters, Michael; Battista, Christian

doi:10.1016/j.bandc.2007.09.003

Cited by 188 publications

(153 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…This pretesting was used to ensure that participants were able to perform the task, as well as identifying the individual difficulty level (angle rotation) for keeping performance across participants identical (aiming at 70% correct trials). Participants were visually presented with two images of three‐dimensional (3D) objects on a black background (Figure 1) taken from a mental rotation stimulus library (Peters & Battista, 2008). In each trial, the two objects were either rotated, but identical shapes (same object), or rotated and mirrored shapes (different object) of one another and were presented for 1.5 s, followed by a baseline period varying per trial between 2.5 and 4.5 s (Figure 1).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Participants were asked to indicate whether the two objects were the same (just rotated) or different (additionally mirrored) shapes by button presses as fast and as accurately as possible. As participants previously showed a variation in cognitive ability on mental rotation tasks and the difficulty level can be manipulated based on increasing the angle rotation between the two objects (Peters & Battista, 2008; Shepard & Metzler, 1971), the angle rotation at which each individual participant scored 71% correct on average was identified based on a staircase procedure. The staircase procedure was a simple two‐up, one‐down procedure, increasing the angle rotation difference between the two objects by 10° each time the participants responded correctly two times in a row, and lowering the angle rotation difference by 10° when one incorrect response was made.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The prestimulus default mode network state predicts cognitive task performance levels on a mental rotation task

et al. 2018

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BackgroundLinking individual task performance to preceding, regional brain activation is an ongoing goal of neuroscientific research. Recently, it could be shown that the activation and connectivity within large‐scale brain networks prior to task onset influence performance levels. More specifically, prestimulus default mode network (DMN) effects have been linked to performance levels in sensory near‐threshold tasks, as well as cognitive tasks. However, it still remains uncertain how the DMN state preceding cognitive tasks affects performance levels when the period between task trials is long and flexible, allowing participants to engage in different cognitive states.MethodsWe here investigated whether the prestimulus activation and within‐network connectivity of the DMN are predictive of the correctness and speed of task performance levels on a cognitive (match‐to‐sample) mental rotation task, employing a sparse event‐related functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) design.ResultsWe found that prestimulus activation in the DMN predicted the speed of correct trials, with a higher amplitude preceding correct fast response trials compared to correct slow response trials. Moreover, we found higher connectivity within the DMN before incorrect trials compared to correct trials.ConclusionThese results indicate that pre‐existing activation and connectivity states within the DMN influence task performance on cognitive tasks, both effecting the correctness and speed of task execution. The findings support existing theories and empirical work on relating mind‐wandering and cognitive task performance to the DMN and expand these by establishing a relationship between the prestimulus DMN state and the speed of cognitive task performance.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The prestimulus default mode network state predicts cognitive task performance levels on a mental rotation task

et al. 2018

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“…This task relies on parietal activity [13][14][15][16][17][18][19] and has been investigated in persons genetically predisposed to AD. 20 We expected 1) increased brain activity with increasing task load for the total group, and 2) that this effect, especially in parietal areas, would be larger in patients with MCI, reflecting compensatory mechanisms.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Mental rotation task. For the visual task, we used the Shepard and Metzler structures 13 ( figure 1). The objects were presented in congruent or incongruent pairs on a white background.…”

Section: Standard Protocols Registration and Patient Consentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Functional integration of parietal lobe activity in early Alzheimer's disease

Jacobs¹,

Boxtel²,

Heinecke³

et al. 2012

Klin Neurophysiol

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Objectives: Parietal lobe dysfunction is an important characteristic of early Alzheimer disease (AD). Functional studies have shown conflicting parietal activation patterns indicative of either compensatory or dysfunctional mechanisms. This study aimed at examining activation differences in early AD using a visuospatial task. We focused on functional characteristics of the parietal lobe and examined compensation or disconnection mechanisms by combining a fMRI task with effective connectivity measures from Granger causality mapping (GCM).Methods: Eighteen male patients with amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI) and 18 male cognitively healthy older individuals were given a mental rotation task with different rotation angles.Results: There were no behavioral group differences on the fMRI task. Separate measurements at each angle revealed widespread activation group differences. More temporal and parietal activation in the higher angle condition was observed in patients with aMCI. The parametric modulation, which identifies regions associated with increasing angle, confirmed these results. The GCM showed increased connectivity within the parietal lobe and between parietal and temporal regions in patients with aMCI. Decreased connectivity was found between the inferior parietal lobule and posterior cingulate gyrus. Connectivity patterns correlated with memory performance scores in patients with aMCI.Conclusions: Our results demonstrate increased effective temporoparietal connectivity in patients with aMCI, while maintaining intact behavioral performance. This might be a compensational mechanism to counteract a parietal-posterior cingulate gyrus disconnection. These findings highlight the importance of connectivity changes in the pathophysiology of AD. In addition, effective connectivity may be a promising method for evaluating interventions aimed at the promotion of compensatory mechanisms. Neurology ® 2012;78:352-360 GLOSSARY AD ϭ Alzheimer disease; aMCI ϭ amnestic mild cognitive impairment; CDR ϭ Clinical Dementia Rating; CSTE ϭ Cluster-level Statistical Threshold Estimator; DMN ϭ default mode network; FA ϭ flip angle; FOV ϭ field of view; GCM ϭ Granger causality mapping; MCI ϭ mild cognitive impairment; MTL ϭ medial temporal lobe; MUMC؉ ϭ Memory Clinic of the Maastricht University Medical Center; ROI ϭ region of interest; RT ϭ reaction time; TE ϭ echo time; TR ϭ repetition time.Parietal lobe dysfunction in early Alzheimer disease (AD) has been shown abundantly in both postmortem 1,2 and neuroimaging 3,4 studies. fMRI studies in early AD have shown indications for either compensation or functional loss. [5][6][7][8] Compensatory mechanisms have been observed in medial temporal but also in parietal areas. 5,7,9 Early AD has been associated with a disconnection between lobes with increased intralobe connectivity, 10 although some studies have reported interlobe disconnection. 10,11 Compensation reflects increased activation in one or more regions in order to maintain behavioral performance, while disconn...

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“…1 Görsel-uzaysal beceri testleri olarak bilinen çeşitli testler ile bu yeteneğin nicel olarak değerlendirilmesi mümkündür. 4,5 Bu testlerden en iyi bilinen ve iyi tanımlanmış olanı, mental rotasyon (MR) testidir. Bireyin, belleğindeki gör-sel bilgiyi zihinsel olarak yönetme, yönlendirme ve işleme becerilerinin somut ifadesi olan bu parametre, görsel-uzaysal yeteneklerin değerlendiril-mesinde yaygın olarak kullanılmaktadır.…”

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Relation Between Visio-Spatial Abilities and Academic Success: Başkent University Faculty of Medicine Experience

Kızıltan¹,

Yazıcı²,

Toyran³

et al. 2015

Turkiye Klinikleri J Med Sci

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Ö ÖZ ZE ET T A Am ma aç ç: : Bir nesnenin, bütün ayrıntılarıyla hayal edilebilmesi "zihinsel betimleme" (mental imagery) olarak isimlendirilmekte olup bilişsel birçok işlevin yerine getirilmesinde çok önemli bir beceri olarak kabul edilmektedir. Bu çalışmada, Başkent Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi eğitim programına katkı sağlayabilecek sonuçlara ulaşmak amacıyla, öğrencilerin görsel-uzaysal becerilerindeki gelişim ve anatomi ders başarısı ile ilişkisinin araştırılması hedeflenmiştir. G Ge er re eç ç v ve e Y Yö ön nt te em ml le er r: : Ça-lışmada, belleğindeki görsel bilgiyi zihinsel olarak yönetme, yönlendirme ve işleme becerilerinin somut ifadesi olan görsel-uzaysal yeteneklerin değerlendirilmesinde yaygın olarak kullanılan mental rotasyon testi kullanılmıştır. Çalışmaya, toplam 26 öğrenci katılmıştır. Öğrencilere, 1. ve 2. akademik yıl eğitimlerini aldıkları ardışık 2 yılda mental rotasyon testi uygulanmıştır. Katılımcılardan mental rotasyon testini olabildiğince hızlı bir şekilde tamamlamaları istenmiştir. Veriler, cinsiyet, mental rotasyon beceri düzeyindeki gelişim ve anatomi dersi pratik sınav başarısı açısından karşı-laştırmalı olarak değerlendirilmiştir. B Bu ul lg gu ul la ar r: : Birinci akademik yılda, mental rotasyon performansının erkeklerde kadınlara göre daha yüksek olduğu gösterilmiştir (%181, p<0,001). Bir yıllık eğitim sonrasında, erkeklerde performans gelişimi izlenmez iken, kadınlarda istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir gelişme gösterilmiştir (%45, p<0,05). S So on nu uç ç: : Eğitimin planlaması ve yeni yöntem gelişti-rilmesi çalışmalarını cesaretlendirici sonuçları olan bu çalışma, akademik başarının artırılmasına katkısı olabilecek yeni uygulamaları gündeme taşıması açısından önemlidir. Bu çerçevede, öğren-cilere sunulacak seçmeli ders ya da egzersiz uygulamalarıyla görsel-uzaysal becerileri gelişimine katkıda bulunulması mümkün olabilecektir.A An na ah h t ta ar r K Ke e l li i m me e l le er r: : Eğitim, tıbbi; zihinsel süreçler, betimleme (psikoterapi) A AB BS S T TR RA AC CT T O Ob bj je ec ct ti iv ve e: : Mental imagery is generally defined as the skill of recalling nonlinguistic information and has very important role in cognitive functions. In this study we aimed to investigate the relation between visio-spatial abilities and the academic success of Baskent University Medical Faculty students in order to gather usable results that can be applied on the education program. M Ma at te er ri ia al l a an nd d M Me et th ho od ds s: : Ability of mental imagery may be improved by appropriate exercises and may be quantified by several tests called in general as visio-spatial ability tests. The best known and well defined test in this category which is "mental rotation test" was applied in this study. A total of 26 students who studied in their 1st and 2nd academic year in two successive years took part in the experiment. Participants were asked to complete mental rotation test as fast as they could. The results were analyzed in terms of correlations between gender, development in mental rotatio...

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Applications of mental rotation figures of the Shepard and Metzler type and description of a mental rotation stimulus library

Cited by 188 publications

References 24 publications

The prestimulus default mode network state predicts cognitive task performance levels on a mental rotation task

The prestimulus default mode network state predicts cognitive task performance levels on a mental rotation task

Functional integration of parietal lobe activity in early Alzheimer's disease

Relation Between Visio-Spatial Abilities and Academic Success: Başkent University Faculty of Medicine Experience

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