Applications of metal–organic framework-derived materials in fuel cells and metal-air batteries

Recent Progress in the Development of Composite Membranes Based on Polybenzimidazole for High Temperature Proton Exchange Membrane (PEM) Fuel Cell Applications

“…The MOFs are a family of metal-based crystalline porous materials that contain bonding organic units, which can form strong bonds, and lead to the creation of open crystalline structures with regular porous arrangement [ 184 , 185 , 186 ]. These interesting compounds have been studied for possible different applications such as fuel cells [ 187 ], pervaporation [ 188 ], nanofiltration [ 189 ], gas separation [ 190 ], desammonia adsorption [ 191 ], and organocatalysis [ 192 ]. The introduction of MOFs into organic polymer results in the enhanced thermal chemical stability of the formed composites under harsh conditions, making them suitable for industrial application [ 193 ].…”

Cobalt/nitrogen codoped carbon nanosheets derived from catkins as a high performance non-noble metal electrocatalyst for oxygen reduction reaction and hydrogen evolution reaction

“…19,40 Consequently, the migration is expected to effectively adsorb intermediates, which would enhance the ORR/HER kinetics. 4,19,40 The Co/N-catkin nanosheets were rst carbonized at 700, 800 and 900 C, respectively, for optimization of the electrocatalytic performance of Co/N-CNSs for comparison with that of commercial 20% Pt/C tested under the same conditions. We achieved the best ORR activity of CoNPs-Co/N-CNSs at 800 C (CoNPs-Co/N-CNSs-800), as demonstrated in Fig.…”

“…Developing novel energy conversion and storage systems such as overall water splitting, metal-air batteries and proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) may be taken as a relatively ideal and sustainable alternative for easing the energy and environmental crisis arising from traditional fossil fuels. [1][2][3][4] Among the energy devices mentioned above, PEMFCs were commercialized in automobiles in 2014 and thus considered as one of the most efficient power sources for automotives. 5 Such energy conversion systems mainly consist of four core electrocatalytic processes, which are the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR), oxygen evolution reaction (OER), hydrogen oxidation reaction (HOR) and hydrogen evolution reaction (HER).…”

Recent advances in vacancy engineering of metal‐organic frameworks and their derivatives for electrocatalysis

“…In the past few decades, a large number of nanomaterials with superior electrocatalytic activity have been designed for electrochemical reactions, 45–50 where, metal‐organic frameworks (MOFs), a novel class of nanoporous materials, have acted as promising material platform with versatile applications such as catalysts, adsorbents of gas storage and separation, batteries, substrates for drug delivery and biosensors 51–66 . Owing to their intrinsic aesthetic, such as large surface area, isolated active site, open crystalline structure, and exceptional porosity, MOFs have been considered as heterogeneous electrochemical catalysts for various electrocatalysis reactions 67–73 . However, most MOFs display intrinsic poor electrocatalytic activity and electrical conductivity 74,75 .…”